Cribado de infecciones tropicales e importadas en candidatos a trasplante renal migrantes desde la consulta de acceso al trasplante renal

Background and objective

Kidney transplantation (KT) should be postponed in those people with active bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic processes, since these must be treated and resolved previously. The objective of this study is to present the screening circuit implemented by the Nephrology clinic and describe the prevalence of tropical and imported infections in KT candidates born or coming from endemic areas.

Materials and methods

Descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out in 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, serological data of general infections and specific tests of tropical infectious diseases were collected. A descriptive analysis of the data was carried out.

Results

Sixty seven TR candidates from Latin America (32.8%), North Africa (22.4%), Sub-Saharan Africa (14.9%) and Asia (29.9%) were included. 68.7% were men and the mean age was 48.9 ± 13.5 years. After the general and specific studies, 42 (62.7%) patients were referred to the Infectious Diseases Service to complete this study or indicate treatment. 35.8% of the patients had eosinophilia, and in one case parasites were detected in feces at the time of the study. Serology for strongyloidiasis was positive in 18 (26.9%) cases, while positive serology for other tropical infections was hardly detected. 34.3% of patients had latent tuberculosis infection.

Conclusions

The prevalence of tropical and imported infections in migrant candidates for RT was low, except for strongyloidiasis and latent tuberculosis infection. Its detection and treatment are essential to avoid serious complications in post-TR. To this end, the implementation of an interdisciplinary screening program from the KT access consultation is feasible, necessary and useful.