Der Einsatz von Musik zur Reduktion prä- und perioperativer Ängste

Pre- and perioperative anxiety in surgical patients can have an adverse effect on the course of surgery, anaesthesia and recovery. The use of music to reduce anxiety is now being researched in a wide range of medical fields. We are interested which instruments are used to measure anxiety, pain and stress, which music interventions are used to reduce anxiety, pain and stress in controlled studies and how researchers theoretically explain the anxiolytic effects of music interventions. To answer these questions, a scoping review was conducted based on a keyword-based database search (Pub-Med/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsychInfo, Google Scholar). The articles relevant for the analysis were selected according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eighteen studies were included in the analysis. All studies used standardised measurement instruments. In contrast, information on the type of music used is insufficiently documented. Psychological arguments for an anxiolytic effect of music predominate, and effects are rarely attributed to purely physiological processes. From a music therapy perspective, it is worthwhile to study the use of music for anxiolysis in pre- and perioperative contexts, as research gaps and new relevant questions for interdisciplinary work have arisen.