Analysis of MARC 21: An International Standard Metadata Scheme in Context of Intangible Cultural Heritage

Abstract Purpose: This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the Machine Readable Cataloguing (MARC21) metadata scheme for addressing the specific needs of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Varanasi in terms of classification, storage, preservation, and retrieval. Methodology: This study conducts a thorough review of manuals, research papers, and relevant literature on MARC21 in the context of Intangible Cultural Heritage. It explores the specific attributes and their requirements associated with different ICHs of Varanasi. Findings: The analysis of the Machine Readable Catalogue MARC21 reveals that its support for ICH is fragmented and falls short to encompass the diversity of ICHs for effective access. This underscores the importance of creating a dedicated metadata element set specifically tailored for ICHs. Practical implications: This study emphasizes the need to develop a metadata element set to support the amount of ICH information like unique techniques, performing arts, craftsmanship, attire, and social practices initiatives outlined in the “Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage” by UNESCO. Originality: This study sheds light on the overlooked problem of the specific needs of ICHs in terms of storage and retrieval. It highlights the significant challenges associated with the long-term preservation and retrieval of Intangible Cultural Heritage.