智者与海:享乐主义者对海上风暴、海难和机遇

IF 0.1 4区历史学 0 CLASSICS

GREECE & ROME Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI:10.1017/s0017383523000049

Wim Nijs

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引用次数: 0

摘要

大海是一个危险而陌生的元素，人们受更高权力的摆布，这种观念深深植根于地中海文化，在希腊和罗马文学中也有许多相似之处。然而，从伊壁鸠鲁的观点来看，这种更高的权力属于非理性信仰的领域，它可能会威胁到一个人的ταραξ最后α(“心灵的安宁”)。伊壁鸠鲁主义所重视的是对所有因素的理性计算，以尽量减少τ χη(“机会”)对个人努力的影响。这篇文章探讨了伊壁鸠鲁主义者是如何看待海洋及其诸多危险的。它试图确定圣人在什么情况下会乘船旅行，并特别关注奥诺安达的第欧根尼的信(71年+ NF 214年+ 72年+ 70年)，关于尼克拉图斯的海难和他的朋友们未能减少机会的作用。

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THE WISE MAN AND THE SEA: EPICUREANS ON SEA STORMS, SHIPWRECK, AND CHANCE

The idea that the sea is a dangerous and alien element in which one is at the mercy of higher powers, is deeply imbedded in Mediterranean culture, and has many parallels in Greek and Roman literature. From an Epicurean point of view, however, such higher powers belong to the realm of irrational beliefs which could threaten one's ἀταραξία (‘peace of mind’). What counts in Epicureanism is the rational calculus of all factors in order to minimize the influence of τύχη (‘chance’) on one's endeavours. This article explores how the Epicureans thought about the sea and its many dangers. It tries to establish under which circumstances the sage will travel by sea and gives special attention to Diogenes of Oenoanda's letter (fr. 71 + NF 214 + fr. 72 + fr. 70) about the shipwreck of Niceratus and his friends’ failure to minimize the agency of chance.

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来源期刊

GREECE & ROME CLASSICS-

CiteScore

0.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Published with the wider audience in mind, Greece & Rome features informative and lucid articles on ancient history, art, archaeology, religion, philosophy, and the classical tradition. Although its content is of interest to professional scholars, undergraduates and general readers who wish to be kept informed of what scholars are currently thinking will find it engaging and accessible. All Greek and Latin quotations are translated. A subscription to Greece & Rome includes a supplement of New Surveys in the Classics. These supplements have covered a broad range of topics, from key figures like Homer and Virgil, to subjects such as Greek tragedy, thought and science, women, slavery, and Roman religion. The 2007 New Survey will be Comedy by Nick Lowe.