Investigation of the biocompatibility and in vivo wound healing effect of Cotinus coggyria extracts

Cotinus coggyria is popularly known for its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihemorrhagic, and wound-healing properties. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the phenolic contents, cytotoxicity/proliferation, hemolytic, antimicrobial, genotoxic, apoptotic, necrotic activities and in vivo wound healing effects of C.coggyria, a plant species known to have beneficial effects on wound healing. TOF-LC/MS analyzes revealed that the flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the methanol extract of C.coggyria leaves and stems were as follows: gallic acid, catechin, protocatechin acid, vanillic acid, ellagic acid, rosmarinic acid, quercetin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin and apigenin 7-glycoside. Water and methanol extracts from C.coggyria caused neither cytotoxicity nor genotoxicity in L929 fibroblasts with negligible apoptotic and necrotic effects. The water extract of C. coggyria had no hemolytic effect. The strongest antibacterial activity of methanol and water extracts was observed against E.coli with zone diameters of 9 mm and 8 mm, respectively. It was determined that the expression of GAG increased in the cells treated with C.coggyria stem extract compared to the control group. Collagen type I, type IV, fibronectin and elastin were detected in immunocytochemical staining. In the in vivo burn model, it was determined that the wounds treated with leaf and stem extracts healed faster than the control group. As a result, it has been seen that C.coggyria has antibacterial properties, especially against E.coli, without cytotoxic, genotoxic, hemolytic, apoptotic and necrotic activities, and C.coggyria is effective in wound healing by in vitro and in vivo studies