Amniotic membrane use for resistant infectious and non-infectious corneal ulcer

In corneal ulcers, amniotic membrane (AM) is utilised for supporting damaged tissues, shield and protect deficiencies from further deterioration or breakdown from external influences and encourage re-cellularization of the cornea. Anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects, as well as an antimicrobial impact and the encouragement of epithelial and stromal repair are some of the qualities possessed by amniotic membrane. Surgical grafting to the ocular surface, non-surgical patching with a carriage device, amniotic membrane extract eye drops (AMEED), amniotic membrane with umbilical cord blood, and amniotic membrane with placental fluid are certain uses and techniques for utilising AM in corneal ulcers and corneal epithelial deficiencies.