分散作者:难民故事和作为行动主义的协作生活叙事

Sandra Mayer
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摘要

本文关注的是难民故事项目背景下,作为社会政治文学行动主义工具的合作生活故事。它认为《难民故事》是独一无二的:一方面,它利用了知名作家的文化权威和“注意力资本”(Van Krieken),这些作家对英国的庇护制度提出了严厉的批评;另一方面,该项目通过合作创作的生活叙事、复调和多样性来解构这种权威。作为一个有市场价值的名字、公众形象和清晰的声音,名人作家经历了一个分散的过程,因为焦点转向了更辩证法和包容性的作者身份谈判。在这个过程中,白人男性作家天才的神话被拆除,取而代之的是对合作和集体的强调。相反,占据中心舞台的是强大的叙事过程,作为一种纪念、记录和见证的行为,通过在公共领域内的交流、重复和循环,成为一种集体努力。因此,这个讲故事的项目有可能破坏并最终改变围绕移民、流离失所和庇护的主导话语。此外,《难民故事》对个人主义的意识形态提出了质疑,这种意识形态构成了对天才作家的崇拜、自传体叙事和名人建构的基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Decentring the Author: Refugee Tales and Collaborative Life Narrative as Activism
This article focuses on collaborative life-storytelling as a tool of socio-political literary activism in the context of the Refugee Tales project. It argues that Refugee Tales is unique: on the one hand, it capitalizes on the cultural authority and ‘attention capital’ (Van Krieken) of well-known writers who offer a scathing critique of the UK asylum system; on the other hand, the project deconstructs this authority through collaboratively-authored life narrative, polyphony, and diversity. Adding value as a marketable name, public face, and articulate voice, the celebrity author nevertheless experiences a decentring, as the focus shifts towards more dialectic and inclusive negotiations of authorship. In this process, the myth of the white, male author genius is dismantled and replaced by an emphasis on the collaborative and the collective. What takes centre stage instead is the powerful process of storytelling as an act of remembrance, recording, and bearing witness, emerging as a collective endeavour through exchange, repetition, and circulation within the public sphere. This storytelling project thus has the potential to disrupt, and ultimately change, dominant discourses around migration, displacement, and asylum. Furthermore, Refugee Tales problematizes the ideology of individualism that underlies the cult of the genius author, autobiographical narrative, and celebrity construction.
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