单齿圆柱形PDC切削岩石脆性破坏机理分析及数学建模

IF 3.2 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, PETROLEUM
SPE Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.2118/217988-pa
Jiusen Wei, Wei Liu, Deli Gao
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引用次数: 0

摘要

聚晶金刚石钻头的钻进效率在油气勘探中起着至关重要的作用,单个PDC钻头的岩石切削性能对钻进效率影响很大。尽管进行了大量的研究,但单个PDC切削齿的岩石切削机理仍不清楚。在这项工作中,使用高速摄像机捕捉了单个锋利圆柱形PDC刀具的岩石切割过程。通过实时观察,结合之前发表的研究结果,揭示了PDC切削齿岩石切削过程中的脆性破坏模式机制。将切削齿前方的脆性岩石切割破坏区划分为破碎区、塑性流动区和岩石切屑区三个不同的区域。破碎区增大,切割器向前切削,形成塑性流动区。当破碎带足够大时,岩石就会被拉伸裂缝撕裂,形成岩屑。在此基础上,考虑岩石特性和切削参数,建立了PDC切削齿切削岩石脆性破坏的数学模型。采用弹塑性理论和Mohr-Coulomb准则计算破碎区边界几何形状。计算了三个破坏区域边界上的所有力,并在三维数学模型中组合为切向力和法向力。此外,在数学模型中提出了一个新的参数,即新月面积。与以前的出版物相比,新开发的数学模型没有需要用实验数据拟合校准的变量。此外,还进行了一系列不同切削深度和后倾角的PDC切削试验,以验证该数学模型。结果表明,模型预测的力与实验数据基本吻合。切向切削力和法向切削力的模拟结果与实验结果一致。实验现象可以用发达的数学模型很好地解释。例如,切削力随夹角和后倾角的增大而增大,这是由于岩石-刀具相互作用的新月形面积的变化引起的。由于破碎区的边界形状几乎不变,所有合力与水平面的倾斜角几乎相同。模拟结果与实验结果的差异可以归结为几个原因,其中一个原因是塑性流动区过于简化。这项工作提出了一个数学模型,可以指导PDC钻头在不同地层性质下的设计。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mechanism Analysis and Mathematical Modeling of Brittle Failure in Rock Cutting with a Single Sharp Cylinder-Shaped PDC Cutter
Summary The drilling efficiency of a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit plays a vital role in oil and gas exploration, which is greatly affected by the rock-cutting performance of a single PDC cutter. Although many research efforts have been put in, the rock-cutting mechanism of a single PDC cutter is still indistinct. In this work, the rock-cutting process of a single sharp cylinder-shaped PDC cutter was captured using a high-speed camera. The brittle failure mode mechanism in the rock cutting of the PDC cutter was thus revealed by this real-time observation combined with the findings in previous publications. The brittle rock-cutting failure zones in front of the cutter were separated into three different zones: crushing zone, plastic flow zone, and rock chipping zone. The crushing zone grew while the cutter cut forward and generated a plastic flow zone. When the crushing zone was large enough, a tensile crack would tear apart the rock, forming the rock chip. Based on this rock-cutting mechanism, a new mathematical model of brittle failure in rock cutting of PDC cutter was developed, considering the rock properties and cutting parameters. The boundary geometry of the crushing zone was calculated using elastoplastic theory and the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. All forces on the boundaries of these three failure zones were calculated and combined into the tangential and normal forces in the 3D mathematical model. Furthermore, a new parameter, named as crescent area, was proposed in the mathematical model. When compared to previous publications, the newly developed mathematical model had no variables that needed to be calibrated with experimental data fitting. Moreover, a series of single PDC cutter cutting tests were carried out at various depths of cut (DOCs) and backrake angles to validate the mathematical model. The results showed that the model-predicted forces basically matched the experimental data. The modeling and experimental results shared the same trend for both tangential and normal cutting forces. The experimental phenomena could be well explained by the developed mathematical model. For example, the cutting forces increase with increasing DOC and backrake angle, which is caused by the changing of the crescent area of the rock-cutter interaction. All resultant forces have almost the same inclination angle to the horizontal plane because of the almost constant boundary shape of the crushing zone. The differences between modeling and experimental results could be attributed to several reasons, one of which was the oversimplified plastic flow zone. This work presents a mathematical model that can guide the PDC bit design at different formation properties.
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来源期刊
SPE Journal
SPE Journal 工程技术-工程:石油
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
11.10%
发文量
229
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Covers theories and emerging concepts spanning all aspects of engineering for oil and gas exploration and production, including reservoir characterization, multiphase flow, drilling dynamics, well architecture, gas well deliverability, numerical simulation, enhanced oil recovery, CO2 sequestration, and benchmarking and performance indicators.
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