影响赞比亚圣弗朗西斯医院成年患者肺结核治疗依从性的因素

Loveness M. Chisumpa, Mwaka Clayson
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摘要

背景:肺结核(PTB)是由结核分枝杆菌引起的肺部传染性细菌感染,也称为结核杆菌。肺结核的症状可逐渐出现,严重程度各不相同。营养不良、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDs)、年龄(年轻人和老年人)、糖尿病、药物滥用、低社会经济地位、恶性肿瘤和/或过度拥挤是肺结核的一些常见危险因素。根据赞比亚人口健康调查(2021年,ZDHS),赞比亚的肺结核患病率为每10万人455例。世界卫生组织(世卫组织)建议由训练有素的主管直接观察治疗(DOT)(世卫组织,2019年)。然而,在赞比亚实施dots对病人和保健提供者都具有挑战性,因为据观察,肺结核病人在头两个月每天到保健设施就诊非常困难,原因有很多,包括开始治疗时病情严重、步行距离太远、交通费用高。目的:本研究旨在确定影响赞比亚圣弗朗西斯医院成年肺结核患者肺结核治疗依从性的因素。方法与材料:采用问卷调查法收集资料,研究样本为100例成人肺结核患者,采用简单随机抽样法抽取。采用定量描述性横断面研究设计。数据分析使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)版本21。采用卡方检验确定自变量与因变量之间的关系。结论:该研究揭示了“信息和知识水平,个人动机支持,行为技能”与“成年PTB患者对PTB治疗的依从性”之间的显著关联。信息和知识水平(p值0.001),个人.........
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Factors Influencing Adherence to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment among Adult Patients at St Francis’ Hospital-Katete, Zambia
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a contagious bacterial infection of the lungs caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, also known as tubercle bacilli. The symptoms of PTB can appear gradually and vary in severity. Malnutrition, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDs), age (young and old), diabetes mellitus, substance abuse, low socioeconomic status, malignancies, and or overcrowding are some of the common risk factors for PTB. According to the Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS, 2021), Zambia’s prevalence rate of PTB stood at 455 cases per 100,000 population. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended Direct Observation of Treatment (DOT) by a trained supervisor (WHO, 2019). However, implementing DOT in Zambia is challenging for both the patient and healthcare provider as it has been observed that a daily visit to a health facility for the first two months by PTB patients was very difficult for a range of reasons which included severe illness at the initiation of treatment, distance too far for walking, and high transportation costs. Objective: The study aimed at determining Factors Influencing Adherence to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment among Adult PTB Patients at St Francis’ Hospital-Katete, Zambia. Methods and materials: Data was collected using a questionnaire and the study sample was one hundred (100) Adult PTB patients, who were selected by simple random sampling method. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Conclusion: The study revealed a significant association between ‘level of information and knowledge, individual motivational support, behavioural skill’ and ‘Adult PTB patients’ adherence to PTB treatment’. Level of Information and knowledge (p-value 0.001), Individual .........
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