露天矿区提高农业土壤肥力的恢复技术

María Ángeles Peñaranda Barba, Virginia Alarcón Martínez, Ignacio Gómez Lucas, Jose Navarro-Pedreño
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引用次数: 0

摘要

露天开采对自然和农村地区造成破坏;这就是为什么为了恢复土壤-植物系统,土壤恢复是必要的。废物的应用可以是一个很好的康复解决方案,它显然符合循环经济和零废物战略。本研究在西班牙东南部的采石场恢复区进行,设计试验田,并施用不同的改良剂(常用无机肥料N-K-P、猪浆、修剪废弃物和城市固体废弃物),研究如何在种植前利用这些残留物改善土壤的恢复,提高土壤肥力。对所施用的处理进行了短期(从添加到表土的2个月和4个月)和中期(9个月)评估,以便根据养分的可用性确定恢复的土壤是否足以用于农业。结果表明,由于土壤基质的性质,各处理土壤pH均超过8.5,但施用9个月后,施用氮磷钾和猪浆处理的地块pH有所下降。总体而言,随着各处理的施用,土壤宏量元素(N、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg)和微量元素(Fe、Cu)均有所增加。而猪浆和城市固体废物分别有利于氮和磷的吸收。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Restoration Techniques Applied in Open Mining Area to Improve Agricultural Soil Fertility
Open pit mining causes damage in natural and rural regions; that is why soil restoration is necessary in order to recovery soil–plant systems. The application of waste can be a good solution for rehabilitation, and it clearly complies with the circular economy and the zero-waste strategy. This study was carried out in a quarry restoration area in the southeast of Spain, where experimental plots were designed and fertilized with different amendments (commonly used inorganic fertilizer N-K-P, pig slurry, pruning waste and urban solid wastes) with the objective of studying ways to improve the restoration of the soil by using these residues and increase the soil fertility before planting. The treatments applied were evaluated in the short term (two and four months from their addition to topsoil) and medium term (nine months) in order to determine if the restored soils will be adequate for agriculture based on nutrients’ availability. The results showed that in all the treatments, the pH exceeded 8.5 due to the nature of the soil matrix, but after 9 months of the application, in the plots treated with NPK and pig slurry, the pH decreased. In general, with the application of the treatments, soil macro- (N, P, K, Na, Ca and Mg) and micro-nutrients (Fe and Cu) were increased. However, pig slurry and urban solid waste favored N and P, respectively.
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