Parotid gland abscess in an underweight infant: A comprehensive analysis

We report a case of a 7-month-old underweight male infant who developed a unilateral parotid abscess due to Staphylococcus aureus infection and was managed with surgical intervention. An acute parotid abscess is uncommon in paediatric patients but can occur in neonates and premature infants with certain risk factors. Parotitis, the most common inflammatory condition of the parotid gland, usually responds well to medical management but can occasionally progress to a parotid abscess. Conservative management with hydration, oral hygiene, and antibiotics is recommended, but if the disease worsens, suppurative parotitis or parotid abscess can develop. S. aureus and anaerobic bacteria are the most common pathogens, with streptococci and candida also reported. Ductal stones are rare in children and parotid abscesses are usually non-obstructive. Differential diagnosis should consider other conditions such as trauma, lymphadenitis, and neoplasia. Computed tomography scans are preferred for complications or suspected neoplastic lesions. Incision and drainage in paediatric patients can have good outcomes, but there is a risk of facial nerve damage.