Environmental-Friendly Extraction Methods to produce Bioactive Compounds in Seaweed

Seaweed is biological resource rich in bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, proteins, pigments, fatty acids, polyamines, terpenoids and alkaloids that can be used in various food and non-food industries. The extraction method dramatically influences these bioactive compounds' amount and quality. In addition, environmental-friendly extraction methods are highly recommended, so this review provides an overview of the use of environmental-friendly, safe, affordable, effective and efficient extraction methods to produce maximum and sustainable bioactive compounds in seaweed. The environmental-friendly extraction methods include pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The important thing that must be considered in determining the environmental-friendly extraction method used, is the bioactive target to be extracted from seaweed so that the bioactive compound obtained is maximal, effective and efficient.