The Effect of Distributive Justice, Procedural Justice, Interactional Justice on Engagement and Village Apparatus Performance in Indonesia

Indonesia is the third largest democracy in the world, in an effort to improve the quality of democracy, Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government and Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages were drafted. Development is expected to be carried out based on the authority of government organisations at the central level, provincial level, district level, sub-district level and village level. This study aims to investigate the effect of distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice on village apparatus engagement, investigate the effect of distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice on village apparatus performance, the effect of village apparatus engagement on village apparatus performance and the effect of distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice on village apparatus performance through village apparatus engagement. This study uses the following research methods: the research sample totalled 340 respondents with non-probability sampling technique, model measurement using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and structural test model using Stuctural Equation Model (SEM).The results showed that 1) distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice have a positive and significant influence on village apparatus attachment, 2) distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice have a positive and significant influence on village apparatus performance, 3) village apparatus engagementhas a positive and significant impact on village apparatus performance, 4) village apparatus engagementplays an important role as a mediator in influencing between distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice, and village apparatus performance. These findings suggest that an increase in justice within the village apparatus can strengthen the village apparatus' attachment, which in turn, improves its performance in carrying out the duties and responsibilities of the village apparatus.This research has important implications for village governance management. Village governments and other stakeholders may consider efforts to improve fairness in resource allocation and decision-making processes within the village apparatus. In addition, increasing the engagement of village apparatus members through the development of relationships among village apparatus members and ethical interactions may also improve their performance.