Marine hydrokinetic energy potential of Peninsular Malaysia by using hybrid site selection method

The exponential increase in global energy demand is a direct result of the rapid growth of the world's population and technological advancements. However, the use of fossil fuels to meet this demand has led to the issue of CO2 emission and global warming, which prompting nations to undertake mitigation plans for further negative repercussions. Seeing the fact that extensive usage of non-renewable energies is the root cause of these negative effects, renewable energies have become the focus of most research. On top of that too, the implementation of clean energy is urgent to achieve sustainable development. Located in Southeast Asia, Peninsular Malaysia is surrounded by the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea, making it abundant in the source of hydrokinetic energy. Consequently, researchers have taken a keen interest in exploring marine renewable energy within the region. Coastal regions particularly, can significantly benefit from hydrokinetic energy. Henceforth, this study aims to provide a comprehensive approach to identify the optimal locations for marine hydrokinetic energy extraction in Peninsular Malaysia, considering all essential factors that influence decision-making.