近代中国政商关系的具体表现

M. A. Pakhomova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了进一步发展俄中合作,必须充分了解俄罗斯政治、经济和社会制度的特点,特别是由既定的国有企业关系制度所决定的特点。的目标。确定政商关系模式的具体特点,这种模式在中国经济改革时期发展起来,是“中国奇迹”最重要的方面之一。任务。确定西方国家和企业关系模式对中国实际的适用性,描述调节国家和企业关系的主要基本原则和方法,确定现代中国条件下的问题、矛盾和解决前景。方法。系统对比分析,科学概括,专家评估。结果。国家-企业关系模式的具体特征一方面是由中国国家的多形性决定的,另一方面是由企业作为混合行为体的形成决定的。在这方面,我们认为,把中国的国家与企业的关系看作是统一的或由一种特定形式的互动所主导是不正确的。实际上,这些关系是异质的,不仅因地区和部门而异,而且在同一部门和/或地区内不同类型的商业行为者之间也存在“不均衡”,因此,不同类型的企业与州和地方当局的密切程度不同。结论。这一制度在历史上是在近代中国国家发展的各个阶段执政党的决策和行动的影响下形成的,尽管它的复杂性和经常混乱,但它使政府能够在经济和社会政治因素造成的严重经济和金融冲击的情况下灵活机动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Specifics of the State-Business Relations in Modern China
For the further development of Russian-Chinese cooperation, it is fundamentally important to understand fully the specific characteristics of the political, economic and social system of this country, which, in particular, is determined by the established system of the state — business relations. Aim. To identify the specifics of the model of relations between government and business, which has developed in the PRC during the period of economic reforms and is one of the most important aspects of the “Chinese miracle”. Tasks . To determine the applicability of Western models of state and business relations to Chinese realities, to characterize the main basic principles and approaches to the regulation of relations between the state and business, to identify problems, contradictions and prospects for their resolution in the conditions of modern China. Methods . System and comparative analysis, scientific generalization, expert assessments. Results. The specific characteristics of the state-business relations model in the country are determined, on the one hand, by the polymorphous nature of the Chinese state, on the other — by the formation of business as a hybrid actor. In this regard, it is, in our opinion, incorrect to see the state-business relations in China as uniform or dominated by a specific form of interaction. In reality, these relations are heterogeneous and vary not only depending on regions and sectors, but also “uneven” across different types of business actors within the same sector and/or region, as a result of which different types of businesses have different degrees of closeness to the state and subnational authorities. Conclusion. The system, historically formed under the influence of decisions and actions of the ruling party at various stages of the development of modern Chinese statehood, despite its complexity and often confusion, nevertheless allows the government to maneuver flexibly in the situations of serious economic and financial shocks caused by both economic and socio-political factors.
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