Data from NASA Power and surface weather stations under different climates on reference evapotranspiration estimation

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the data estimated by NASA Power in relation to that measured at surface weather stations under different climates, and to verify the effects of these data on reference evapotranspiration (ETo) estimation. For comparison, data measured at 21 surface weather stations, located in Brazil, Israel, Australia, Portugal, and the United States of America were used, representing different Köppen climate types. The following climatic variables were analyzed daily: maximum (Tmax), mean (Tmean), and minimum (Tmin) air temperatures; wind speed; incident solar radiation; and mean relative humidity (RHmean). Wind speed showed the highest variations and was overestimated in the Cfb, BWh, BSh, and Cfa climates. Tmean and mean wind speed were estimated accurately in the Csa and BWh climates, whereas Tmax and Tmin were underestimated in 13 and 9 climates, respectively; Tmin did not show adequate results in tropical climates. Incident solar radiation was overestimated in all climates, except in BSh, but presented the best statistical indicators among the analyzed variables. The scenarios in which ETo was estimated using the Penman-Monteith method and data from NASA Power were consistent even for the climate type that presented the worst association between measured and estimated data.