An investigation of characteristics of a diesel engine with low heat rejection fuelled by spirulina algae biodiesel

This study investigates the impact of magnesium oxide nanoparticles on the performance, combustion, and emissions characteristics of spirulina algae methyl ester biodiesel in a low heat rejection (LHR) engine. The cylinder head and piston of the engine are coated with a 200-micron layer of lanthanum aluminate. The results indicate promising outcomes with biodiesel in the LHR engine, showing improved thermal efficiency and reduced specific fuel consumption compared to conventional diesel engines. Tests have been conducted on B20, B20+25 ppm of MgO, and B20+50 ppm of MgO biodiesel blends with coated and untreated components. The coated piston with B20+50 ppm of MgO (LHR) demonstrate a 1.73% increase in brake thermal efficiency and a 7.2% decrease in specific fuel consumption compared to an untreated piston. Furthermore, the B20+50 ppm of MgO (LHR) in B20 experience a 5.9% reduction in-cylinder pressure and a 6.9% decrease in heat release rate. Additionally, the coated engine exhibit lower CO, HC, and smoke emissions from the biodiesel blends than the conventional engine.