CIVILIZATION DETERMINANTS AND HISTORICAL CHALLENGES OF STABILITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST

The article examines the civilizational determinants of the formation of a new configuration of forces in the Middle East and examines the historical challenges that shaped its stability, taking into account key historical events, cultural factors, and regional dynamics of modern development trends in the region. The strategic location of the Middle East and the interest of the countries of the world in it, which is determined by the rich natural resources and religious traditions that formed the vectors of modern development, are substantiated. It is argued that despite its rich heritage and enormous potential, the Middle East has also witnessed constant challenges to its stability, leading to conflict, political upheaval and socio-economic inequality. The main challenges affecting the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East have been identified. Based on the set goal, in the process of researching the historical, institutional and conceptual foundations of the formation, formation and development of the Middle East, a civilizational approach was applied, since this region has a number of common civilizational features, dialectical and abstract-logical methods, methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization. The historical retrospective of the development of the Middle East is considered. The historical obstacles that shaped the instability of the Middle Eastern civilization due to significant historical events, religious beliefs, geopolitical interests and regional dynamics of modern trends in this region are studied. The historical problems that the Middle East faces in ensuring stability in the region, and which lead to aggravation of conflicts, protests, and socio-economic inequality, are established. Further perspectives of research should be aimed at deepening the social and economic problems that arise in the Middle East region under the influence of civilizational determinants.