法利·莫厄特《待杀的鲸鱼》的生物中心解读

K. Denish Raja Durai
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物中心主义是一种高度多维的现象,其范围超越了美学、人类学、生态学、民族志、语言学、政治学、哲学、心理学、符号学和社会学。它始于哲学和深层生态学,但迅速扩展到生态中心、人类中心和语言学。“生物中心主义是一种以生命为中心的观点,它拒绝认为只有人类在伦理上才重要的观点,并接受(至少)所有生物的道德地位”(《环境伦理与哲学百科全书》1997)。阿恩·纳斯希望他的生物中心主义版本是一种“激进的平等主义”,而约翰·罗德曼的生物中心主义观点是“生态敏感性”,保罗·泰勒认为“尊重自然”是生物中心主义的一种普遍形式。这项研究提出了对莫瓦特的《杀人鲸》的一种生物中心的解释,它描绘了一场不可思议的灾难,涉及一个无声的巨型物种的生与死。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Biocentric Reading of Farley Mowat’s A Whale for the Killing
Biocentrism is a highly multidimensional phenomenon whose scope extends beyond aesthetics, anthropology, ecology, ethnography, linguistics, politics, philosophy, psychology, semiology, and sociology. It began with philosophy and deep ecology but quickly expanded to become eco-centric as well as anthropocentric and linguistic. “Biocentrism is a life-centered outlook that rejects the view that humanity alone matters in ethics and accepts the moral standing of (at least) all living creatures” (Encyclopedia of Environmental Ethics and Philosophy 97). While Arne Nases intended his version of biocentrism to be a sort of ‘radical egalitarianism’, John Rodman’s viewpoint of biocentricity is ‘ecological sensibility, and Paul Taylor argues ‘respect for Nature’ is one of the prevailing forms of biocentrism. This study proposes a biocentric interpretation of Mowat’s A Whale for the Killing, which depicts life and death in an inconceivable catastrophe involving a voiceless giant species.
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