Screening the effects of process and formulation factors upon the physical properties of Chitosan-TPP nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers for Gentamycin sulphate

Microbial infections are one of the prime causes of morbidity and mortality and have become a significant issue within the medical field. A considerable number of infections are currently linked to antibiotic-resistant bacteria, primarily due to the inappropriate and excessive utilization of antibiotics. Nanotechnology, employing materials at the nanoscale, is progressively finding applications in clinical settings, particularly as a novel approach for addressing infectious diseases. Among these nanoscale materials, nanoparticles (NPs) have exhibited extensive antibacterial capabilities, effectively targeting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The main rationale behind considering NPs as an alternative to antibiotics lies in their ability to combat microbial drug resistance, presenting a promising solution in certain cases. Over the last twenty years, researchers have been drawn to the beneficial characteristics of chitosan (CS). This compound is non-toxic, biocompatible, and edible, making it highly appealing for various applications. Moreover, CS exhibits antimicrobial properties. In particular, nanoparticles based on CS have displayed favorable antibacterial effectiveness and their full potential is not yet achieved (Al-Zahrani et al., 2021). The aim of our study was to prepare Gentamycin sulphate loaded CS nanoparticles and screen the main effects of the formulation and process parameters on their physical properties (particle size, zeta potential), in a One Factor At a Time (OFAT) study.