提高PEM燃料电池的除水效率:用于控制不稳定驱动的挤压的微结构表面

APL Energy Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI:10.1063/5.0171953
Nilanjan Mondal, Diptesh Biswas, Chirodeep Bakli
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摘要

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)是一种清洁、可持续的能源生产设备,由于全球对绿色和安全的能源需求,其大规模使用正变得越来越受欢迎。PEMFC的性能、效率和寿命在很大程度上取决于电池内的水去除和管理。在交叉气流的影响下,生成的水细丝发生变形,随着细丝半径的减小,曲率和毛管压力增大,流体以越来越快的速度从颈部喷出。灯丝半径消失的瞬间,控制方程到达奇点,灯丝断裂。我们提出了一种最佳的微图案表面设计,以有效地去除PEMFC中的水。我们进行了一个数值研究,在限制剪切流动下,表面上的水生成随后破裂。我们进一步从理论上识别与表征的破裂行为,认识到微观结构对有效设计的影响。疏水的微观结构减少了粘滞力对惯性力和毛细力的支配作用。这导致在颈部产生的液滴更倾向于末端挤压或截断,从而减少了不希望的卫星液滴的产生,否则将导致腔室的淹没。在这项工作中,我们证明了衬底结构和射流速度诱导剪切的适当组合可以减轻卫星液滴的产生,缩短破裂时间,显著提高PEMFC的除水效率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Improving water removal efficiency in a PEM fuel cell: Microstructured surfaces for controlling instability-driven pinching
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a clean, sustainable energy generation device, and its large-scale usage is becoming popular due to green and secure energy demand worldwide. The performance, efficiency, and lifespan of PEMFC largely depend on the water removal and management within the cell. Under the influence of the cross-air flow, the generated water filaments deform, and as the filament radius lowers, the curvature and capillary pressure increase, ejecting fluid out of the neck at increasing velocities. The moment the filament radius vanishes, the governing equations reach the point of singularity, and the filament breaks. We propose an optimum micro-patterned surface design for efficient water removal from PEMFC. We perform a numerical study of water generation on the surface followed by breakup under shear flow within confinement. We further theoretically identify the breakup behavior with characterization, recognizing the influence of the microstructures toward an efficient design. The hydrophobic microstructures are observed to decrease the dominance of viscous force over inertia and capillary force. This leads to a greater propensity of end-pinching or truncation of the generated droplet at the neck, which reduces the production of undesired satellite droplets that would have otherwise caused flooding of the chamber. In this work, we show that a proper combination of substrate structure and jet velocity-induced shear can mitigate the generation of satellite droplets and reduce the breakup time, significantly increasing the water removal efficiency of the PEMFC.
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