全球气候变化对生物多样性和公众健康的影响:综述

T.M. Momoh-Salami, A.W Zakka, A.E. Omotayo, O.M. Buraimoh
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摘要

以前,气候系统的压力对地球表面有影响。这些变化不仅限于地表温度升高,而且还包括更频繁的洪涝和干旱,包括正常环境的变化,如植物的早期开花和许多物种传播的波动。人类的健康和其他生物的生物多样性受到这些变化的显著影响。气候变化通过极端气候的物理效应(直接)直接和间接地影响生物多样性和人类健康,并影响空气污染的各个阶段,影响提供食物和水的农业、海洋和淡水分类,影响产生可传染疾病物种的病媒和病原体。除了对生态系统的可持续性和人类健康构成威胁外,由于人为气候变化而提高的大气中捕获能量气体的浓度逐渐被视为生物多样性丧失的一个驱动因素。干旱、火灾、洪水以及影响野生动物和人类的某些虫害和疾病的爆发最近已经发生,预计在未来几十年将变得更加普遍。这篇小型综述总结了生物多样性(生态系统健康)、人类/公共卫生和气候变化之间的联系,并提供了对最近因全球气候变化而影响世界的事件的见解。它同样讨论了保护最脆弱群体的方法,因为气候变化现在对公共卫生和生态系统都是一个重要的和新出现的危险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The impact of global climate change on biodiversity and public health: A review
Previously, pressures on the climate system are influential on the earth's surface. These are not limited to only increased superficial temperatures but also more frequent floods and droughts, including variations in normal environments such as early flowering of plants and fluctuations in the spreading of many species. The health of humans and the biodiversity of other creatures are significantly impacted by these changes. The change in climate affects both biodiversity and human health directly and indirectly through physical effects of climatic extremes (directly) and impacts on the stages of air contamination, agricultural, marine, and freshwater classifications which make available food and water, and vectors and pathogens which result in transmittable disease species. The concentration of energy-trapping gases in the atmosphere, raised by anthropogenic climate change is progressively viewed as a drive for biodiversity loss besides being a threat to the sustainability of the ecosystem and human health. Drought, fire, floods, and outbreaks of certain pests and illnesses that impact both wildlife and humans have occurred recently and are projected to grow more common in the next decades. This mini-review summarizes the connections between biodiversity (ecosystem health), human/public health, and climate change, and provides insight into recent events that have shaped the world consequent on global change in climate. It similarly discusses ways to protect the most vulnerable, as climate change is now an important and emerging danger to both public health and the ecosystem.
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