State of the art review on the production and bond behaviour of reinforced geopolymer concrete

Abstract Geopolymer is produced through the polymerization of active aluminosilicate material with an alkaline activator, leading to the formation of a green, inorganic polymer binder. Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has become a promising low-carbon alternative to traditional Portland cement-based concrete (OPC). GPC-bonded reinforcing bars offer a promising alternative for concrete structures, boasting excellent geopolymer binder/reinforcement bonding and superior corrosion and high-temperature resistance compared to Portland cement. However, due to differences in the production process of GPC, there are distinct engineering property variations, including bonding characteristics. This literature review provides an examination of the manufacturing procedures of GPC, encompassing source materials, mix design, curing regimes, and other factors directly influencing concrete properties. Additionally, it delves into the bond mechanism, bond tests, and corresponding results that represent the bond characteristics. The main conclusions are that GPC generally has superior mechanical properties and bond performance compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC). However, proper standardization is needed for its production and performance tests to limit the contradictory results in the lab and on site.