GPS Receiver Simplification for Low cost Applications and Multipath Mitigation Analysis on SDR based Re configurable Software Receiver

Many modern position-based applications rely heavily on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Most applications require precise position data obtained through sophisticated hardware with a high computational capacity in the receiver. Some cost-effective applications may not require precise position data and require less complex signal processing. The use of efficient hardware and signal processing techniques to reduce the overall cost of a GNSS receiver is an active research topic. This paper considers Global Positioning System (GPS) constellation and proposes two factors to reduce the receiver complexity: sampling frequency and the number of tracking channels. A Keysight GNSS signal generator to record GPS signals, a Software Defined Radio board and a software-based GPS receiver are used in the experimentation. The sampling frequencies are 40, 20, 10 and 5 MHz considered, and tracking channels are reduced from 12 to 6 and then 4. The increase of error in the receiver position with 6 and 4 satellites is considerably small, but the number of tracking channels and signal processing requirements are reduced considerably. The GPS signals are affected by many errors; one of the significant sources of error is multipath propagation. Three distinct GPS multipath scenarios are generated for four satellite signal combinations with the GNSS simulator for the receiver performance analysis. Three multipath mitigation techniques, namely Early Minus Late (EML), Narrow correlator (NC) and strobe correlator (SC) methods, are considered because of their simple structure and fewer signal processing requirements. The error reductions of three multipath scenarios are compared, and the SC method performs better in all three multipath scenarios.