A comprehensive review on textile wastewater treatment by coupling TiO2 with PVDF membrane

Abstract Background The textile industry represents a great portion of the global industry due to the increase in population and demand for sustainable products. Tons of textile wastewater contain predominantly synthetic complex organic dyes like direct dyes, processing dyes, reactive dyes, etc., making discharge of colored effluents challenging. Main body of the abstract Textile wastewater treatment is essential to maintain the environmental balance and reduce public health threats. Conventional wastewater treatment methods cannot overcome and decompose these toxic wastes; therefore, numerous modern approaches have been studied and implemented for pollutant degradation to be suitable for environmental disposal. Membranes and photocatalysis have proven their significant effect on the photodegradation of different dyes and the production of pure water for further use in industrial purposes. Short conclusion This review paper aims to represent a comprehensive review of textile dyeing wastewater treatment by integrating polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) in a hybrid system named “photocatalytic membrane reactor, PMR”.