个人税收制度的结构

Anna Vital'evna Tikhonova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球化和业务流程数字化引发的国民经济转型,导致“国家-个人”、“雇员-雇主”、“税务机关-纳税人”等层面的关系链条发生变化。接下来的研究目标是在考虑现代转型过程和制度经济学原理的情况下,建立一个统一的税收制度结构。本研究采用综合分析方法,包括定性比较分析、仿真建模和解释性定性研究三种主要分析方法。定性比较分析用于确定个人税收的要素。采用仿真建模方法对税收主要参数和限制条件进行可视化分析。采用解释性研究来描述系统要素之间的相互作用。本研究的科学新颖之处是提出了个人税收制度的体系结构,它发展了克莱纳的系统经济学理论,包括4个要素(子系统),并以时间和空间的确定性为标准进行分类。首先,物体存在于时间的不确定性和空间的确定性中。第二,项目——存在于有限的时间和空间。第三,环境——存在于时间的不确定性和空间的不确定性中。第四,过程——存在于有限的时间和空间的不确定性中。目标子系统的要素包括纳税人、个人和个体企业家、税务机关、税务代理人、税务法律关系的其他参与者和领土。项目子系统包括税收监管工具和机制,这些工具和机制在本质上是实验性和临时性的。在所呈现的系统中,税务功能的实现是可视化的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Architectonics of individual taxation system
Transformation of national economies caused by globalization and digitalization of business processes leads to changes in the whole chain of relationships at the levels of "state-individual", "employee-employer", "tax authority-taxpayer". The following research goal is to develop a unified construct of the taxation system, taking into account modern transformation processes and system economy principles. The research applies a comprehensive approach, which includes three main analysis methods: qualitative comparative analysis, simulation modeling, and interpretative qualitative research. Qualitative comparative analysis was used to identify the elements of individual taxation. Simulation modeling was used to visualize taxation main parameters and limitations. Interpretative research was used to describe the interaction of the system elements. The scientific novelty of the research is the presented architectonics of individual taxation system, which develops the theory of system economy of Kleiner and includes 4 elements (subsystems), classified by the criterion of definiteness of time and space. First, objects – exist in the uncertainty of time and the certainty of space. Second, projects - exist in limited time and defined space. Third, environments – exist in the indefiniteness of time and the uncertainty of space. Fourth, processes - exist in limited time and uncertainty of space. The elements of the objective subsystem include taxpayers individuals and individual entrepreneurs, tax authorities, tax agents, other participants of tax legal relations, and the territory. The project subsystem includes tools and mechanisms of tax regulation, which are experimental and temporary in nature. Tax functions implementation was visualized in the context of the presented system.
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