{"title":"在消费者永生的经济增长中,货币持有和预算赤字","authors":"Yasuhito Tanaka","doi":"10.58567/fel02010004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 12.0pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">I examine the problem of budget deficit in a growing economy in which consumers hold money as a part of their savings in the case where consumers live forever. For simplicity and tractability I use a discrete time dynamic model and Lagrange multiplier method. In the appendix I briefly explain the solution using a discrete time version of the Hamiltonian method. I will show the following results. 1) Budget deficit is necessary for full employment under constant prices. 2) Inflation is induced if the actual budget deficit is greater than the value at which full employment is achieved under constant prices. 3) If the actual budget deficit is smaller than the value which is necessary and sufficient for full employment under constant prices, a recession occurs. Therefore, balanced budget cannot achieve full employment under constant prices. I do not assume that budget deficit must later be made up by budget surplus.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":262077,"journal":{"name":"Financial Economics Letters","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Money holding and budget deficit in a growing economy with consumers living forever\",\"authors\":\"Yasuhito Tanaka\",\"doi\":\"10.58567/fel02010004\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\" style=\\\"margin-top: 12.0pt;\\\"><span lang=\\\"EN-US\\\" style=\\\"mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';\\\">I examine the problem of budget deficit in a growing economy in which consumers hold money as a part of their savings in the case where consumers live forever. For simplicity and tractability I use a discrete time dynamic model and Lagrange multiplier method. In the appendix I briefly explain the solution using a discrete time version of the Hamiltonian method. I will show the following results. 1) Budget deficit is necessary for full employment under constant prices. 2) Inflation is induced if the actual budget deficit is greater than the value at which full employment is achieved under constant prices. 3) If the actual budget deficit is smaller than the value which is necessary and sufficient for full employment under constant prices, a recession occurs. Therefore, balanced budget cannot achieve full employment under constant prices. I do not assume that budget deficit must later be made up by budget surplus.</span></p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":262077,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Financial Economics Letters\",\"volume\":\"142 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Financial Economics Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.58567/fel02010004\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Financial Economics Letters","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.58567/fel02010004","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
p class=" font- family:宋体" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;衬线字体类型:“威尔士”;font-family:宋体;我研究了一个不断增长的经济体中的预算赤字问题,在这个经济体中,消费者把钱作为他们储蓄的一部分,在消费者永生的情况下。为了简单和易于处理,我使用离散时间动态模型和拉格朗日乘数方法。在附录中,我简要地解释了使用哈密顿方法的离散时间版本的解决方案。我将显示以下结果。1)预算赤字是物价不变条件下充分就业的必要条件。2)如果实际预算赤字大于在不变价格下实现充分就业的价值,就会引发通货膨胀。3)如果实际预算赤字小于在不变价格下充分就业所必需和充分的价值,就会发生衰退。因此,在物价不变的情况下,平衡预算无法实现充分就业。我并不认为预算赤字以后必须由预算盈余来弥补。</span></p>
Money holding and budget deficit in a growing economy with consumers living forever
I examine the problem of budget deficit in a growing economy in which consumers hold money as a part of their savings in the case where consumers live forever. For simplicity and tractability I use a discrete time dynamic model and Lagrange multiplier method. In the appendix I briefly explain the solution using a discrete time version of the Hamiltonian method. I will show the following results. 1) Budget deficit is necessary for full employment under constant prices. 2) Inflation is induced if the actual budget deficit is greater than the value at which full employment is achieved under constant prices. 3) If the actual budget deficit is smaller than the value which is necessary and sufficient for full employment under constant prices, a recession occurs. Therefore, balanced budget cannot achieve full employment under constant prices. I do not assume that budget deficit must later be made up by budget surplus.