Historic Designation Planning for the Nicodemus National Historic Site and Colonel Allensworth State Historic Park: A Cross-Case Analysis of Representation in Public Memory, Equity-Based Preservation Planning, and Maintenance Backlogs

Abstract: The hidden histories of Black towns from post-Reconstruction, namely Nicodemus, Kansas, and Colonel Allensworth, California, can provide public awareness of the black experience. In this article, we draw upon previous research by the authors to further emphasize and compare designation outcomes related to representation, equity-based preservation planning, and maintenance backlogs issues. Key partners from both sites were interviewed and central preservation planning documents were analyzed. Key findings emphasized limited opportunities for community involvement, and historic structures preservation and maintenance work. Additionally, some action has been taken by the National Park Service and California State Parks to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion. Despite these efforts, there are still alarming indicators of systematic underrepresentation within both systems. Recommendations and best practices include increasing racial equity and diversity training, evaluating diversity hiring practices and public memory awareness, practicing inclusive partnership planning, redesigning maintenance backlog funding systems, engaging economic revitalization, practicing inclusive and digitally enhanced programming, and expanding virtual presence. Consideration of this study's recommendations could provide meaningful preservation change for the Nicodemus National Historic Site, Allensworth State Historic Park, and other similar African American historical locations.