Effects of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Integrative Review

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung condition characterized by progressive scarring of lung tissue, primarily affecting individuals aged 60 to 70, with a higher prevalence among men and smokers. It carries a poor prognosis, with an average life expectancy of up to 5 years. Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive intervention involving detailed patient assessments and tailored therapies aimed at improving physical and emotional well-being, promoting long-term health-promoting behaviors. To assess the effectiveness of PR in IPF patients, an integrative review study was conducted, focusing on articles published from 2010 to 2020. Results showed improvements in exercise tolerance, functional capacity, and quality of life. While the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) produced mixed results, most patients demonstrated gains. Interventions ranged from physical training alone to combined exercise and educational support programs, lasting 6 to 12 weeks, conducted 2-3 times weekly. Despite noted improvements during the intervention, sustaining gains remains a challenge, highlighting the need for further research to refine PR protocols tailored to IPF patients' specific needs.