GNSS Multi-Frequency Combined Direct Position Estimation in the Urban Canyon Environment

This paper establishes a cross-band (CB) multi-frequency (MF) combined direct position estimation (DPE) architecture to facilitate DPE algorithm in more challenging environments. A virtual reference model is constructed to project the MF signals in a unified reference domain and combine them using peak-to-average power ratio. The code delay differences and independence of the noises among different bands are also considered to guarantee the feasibility of the CB combination. In addition, GPS L1/L5 data collected in urban canyon is utilized in this paper. The positioning performance analysis showed that the MF DPE can significantly improve the single-frequency DPE algorithms. The navigation domain correlation results showed that comparing GPS L1 to L5, the GPS L5 has the better anti-jamming capability with higher code rate.