电动茶叶收割机对茶叶产量的影响及产量测定参数

S. R. W. Pathiranage, M. A. Wijeratne, W. A. J. M. De Costa
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摘要

电动茶叶收割机在茎部切割方面各不相同。收集机制和斯里兰卡报告的产量大幅下降。在本研究中,使用三种非选择性收割机来评估不同切割方式的影响;与人工采收相比,茶叶产量决定参数的收集机制(对照)。使用的机器是电池驱动的福布斯;带螺旋臂的沃克收割机(BatFW),带往复叶片的电池驱动的川崎收割机(BatKW),以及带往复叶片的汽油驱动的川崎收割机(PetKW)。记录了一年的茶叶产量、粗叶含量、操作时间、茎部组成、分枝周长和根淀粉含量。与对照组相比,电动收割机减少了近50%的茶叶产量。BatFW, BatKW和PetKW所需的机器数量(单位/公顷/天)分别为6台,4台和2台,而手动采摘机为8台,相应的土地面积为0.17,0.25和0.47(公顷/公顷/天),而手动采摘机为0.13。手动采集和BatFW消耗的工人需求比其他方法要高。平均枝重和枝密度受蝙蝠fw的影响最小。PetKW脱除幼嫩芽量最高。采台中休眠芽积累量最高的是BatFW。往复式叶片的收获效率(700克/厘米/天)高于采摘臂(500克/厘米/天)。与人工采收相比,所有的机器都会影响树枝的周长和根系淀粉储量。未成熟芽的去除、休眠芽的积累、产量成分的影响、枝条发育不良和根系淀粉储备的消耗等对产量决定参数的机械影响共同导致了茶叶产量的降低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of Motorized Tea Harvesters on Tea Yield and Yield Determining Parameters
Motorized tea harvesters vary in shoot cutting & collecting mechanisms and reported considerable yield decline in Sri Lanka. In this study, three non-selective harvesters were used to evaluate the impacts of different cutting & collecting mechanisms on tea yield-determining parameters compared to manual harvesting (control). The machines used were battery-operated Forbes & Walker harvester with helically arranged picking arms (BatFW), battery-operated Kawasaki harvester with reciprocating blades (BatKW), and petrol-driven Kawasaki harvester with reciprocating blades (PetKW). Tea yield, coarse leaf content, operational time, shoot compositions, branch girthing, and root starch content were recorded for one year. The motorized harvesters reduced tea yield by nearly 50% compared to the control. The number of machines required (units/ha/day) were 6, 4 and 2 for BatFW, BatKW and PetKW, respectively, as compared to eight manual pluckers and the corresponding land extents covered were 0.17, 0.25 and 0.47 (ha/unit/day), as against 0.13 in manual. Manual harvesting and BatFW consumed comparable higher worker requirements than the others. The average shoot weight and shoot density were the least affected by BatFW. The highest immature (arimbu) shoot removal was by PetKW. The highest dormant shoot accumulation in the plucking table was by BatFW. Reciprocating blades harvested more productively (700 g/cm/day) than picking arms (500 g/cm/day). All machines affected branch girthing and root starch reserves compared to manual harvesting. The mechanical impacts on yield determining parameters viz., immature shoot removal, accumulated dormant shoots, affected yield components, poor branch development, and depleted root starch reserves collectively resulted the tea yield reduction.
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