超粘稠油流变特性及增粘因素实验研究

Yang Chen, Jin Luo, Meiyu Zhang, Minglan He
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摘要

为揭示超粘稠油增粘机理,提高超粘稠油采收率,采用安东帕旋转流变仪从宏观和微观两方面分析了塔河油田TH12434井超粘稠油的四组分、元素组成、流变性能以及沥青质和树脂对其粘度的影响。采用气相色谱-质谱联用、扫描低温电镜等技术解决沥青质流动性差、沥青质含量高的问题。实验结果表明,在T= 40 ~ 100℃的温度范围内,超粘稠油的粘度从352000 mPa∙s急剧下降到1620 mPa∙s,超粘稠油表现出明显的热敏性。当温度为100℃,剪切速率为γ= 0 ~ 800 s -1时,超粘稠油粘度从45000 mPa∙s急剧下降至956 mPa∙s,油样呈现典型的假塑性。超粘稠油气相色谱分析基线过高,超过80%的超粘稠油化合物与标准化合物的匹配度小于70%,说明该超粘稠油非均质性差,杂质多。通过扫描低温电镜观察到,超粘稠油微观形貌为大颗粒状,连续性强,沥青质微观形貌呈明显的层状结构,层间距为637.7 nm,其沥青质分子通过多个单位片层形成有序或结晶状的缔合结构,导致超粘稠油具有较高的粘度。通过对超粘稠油粘度影响因素的分析,为塔河油田超粘稠油降粘技术的选择及高效开发提供理论依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Experimental study on the rheological characteristics and viscosity-enhanced factors of super-viscous heavy oil
To reveal the viscosity-enhanced mechanism of super-viscous heavy oil and improve the recovery rate of super-viscous heavy oil, the four components, elemental composition, rheological properties, and effects of asphaltenes and resin on the viscosity of super-viscous heavy oil from well TH12434 in Tahe Oilfield, China have been analyzed from macro and microscopic perspectives by Anton Paar rotational rheometer, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and scanning cryo-EM to solve the problems of poor fluidity and high asphaltene content. The experimental results showed that in the temperature range of T= 40-100°C, the viscosity of super-viscous heavy oil decreases sharply from 352000 mPa∙s to 1620 mPa∙s, and the super-viscous heavy oil exhibits clear thermo-sensitivity. With T= 100°C and shear rate ranging from γ= 0-800 s -1 , the viscosity of super-viscous heavy oil decreases sharply from 45000 mPa∙s to 956 mPa∙s, and the oil sample shows typical pseudoplasticity. The baseline of super-viscous heavy oil analysis by gas chromatography shows too high, and more than 80 % of super-viscous heavy oil compounds have a matching degree of less than 70 % with standard compounds, indicating that the super-viscous heavy oil had poor heterogeneity and many impurities. It is observed by scanning cryo-EM that the micromorphology of super-viscous heavy oil is large granular, strong continuity, asphaltene micromorphology presents an obvious layered structure, the layer spacing is 637.7 nm, and its asphaltene molecules form an order-like or crystal-like association structure through several unit sheet layers, resulting in high viscosity of super-viscous heavy oil. Based on the analysis results of the influencing factors of the viscosity of super-viscous heavy oil, a theoretical basis for the selection of viscosity reduction technology for super-viscous heavy oil the efficient exploitation in Tahe Oilfield, China could be provided.
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