Carbon dots and their biomedical and biotechnological applications

Carbon dots, a recently discovered nanoparticle, have attracted significant attention due to their impressive fluorescent, chemical, mechanical, photostability, and biocompatibility properties. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a novel form of nano-carbon whose use has recently surpassed semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in terms of their many desirable properties. This is because CQDs are made up of carbon atoms rather than carbon molecules. This study clarifies the process of synthesis and optical characteristics of CQDs, as well as current breakthroughs in CQDs’ biological applications in bioimaging. This paper discusses the recent developments and achievements reached with CQDs, with a particular emphasis on their synthetic pathways, chemical and optical characteristics, and biological applications, as well as fresh perspectives on this fascinating and potentially fruitful topic of research.