俄罗斯西北和北极地区林业综合体人员培训

Evgeny A. Pitukhin, Olga A. Zyateva, Vladislav E. Sokolov, Vadim A. Ponomarev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍。俄罗斯联邦西北和北极地区的林业发展和管理是国家优先事项,重点是俄罗斯木材工业产品的全球竞争力。本研究旨在分析俄罗斯西北和北极地区教育体系对林业人才的培养,以使高等职业教育和中等职业教育毕业生的素质符合该宏观地区林业产业的需求。材料与方法。研究材料是来自2021-2022年四种形式的州联邦报告的统计数据:高等教育系统的入学和毕业情况;中等职业教育毕业;按经济活动类型划分的组织雇员人数;按经济活动类型划分的组织需求。采用描述性统计、数学建模和对比数据分析等方法。研究的结果。研究确定了培养林业综合人才的高等和中等职业教育组织的20个领域和学科清单,并形成了与林业综合工作的五个主要领域有关的19种经济活动组。在评估经济对合格人员需求的宏观经济方法的帮助下,计算了俄罗斯北极和西北部林业综合体企业和组织每年额外人员需求的范围。对高等教育人才的年需求量为3.54%,对中级专家的年需求量为4.49%,对熟练工人和雇员的年需求量为5.41%,在林业工业中工作的员工具有相应的教育水平。比较分析确定了可以由其所在区域的毕业生满足人员需求的实体和需要额外来源的实体,包括其他区域的毕业生。讨论与结论。列宁格勒州、楚科奇、涅涅茨和亚马涅涅茨自治区的林业综合企业和组织明显缺乏受过高等教育的自己的人员。除涅涅茨自治区外,目前有足够数量的中级专家毕业。在未来两到三年内,预计在宏观区域的所有学科中,合格工人和雇员的严重短缺(超过90%)。解决这一问题的办法可能是对其他地区以及知名教育中心地区(例如托木斯克、叶卡捷琳堡、新西伯利亚)的专家进行有针对性的培训。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Personnel training for the forestry complex of the northwestern and Arctic regions of Russia
Introduction. Forestry industry development and management in the North-West and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is a national priority, focused on the global competitiveness of the Russian timber industry products. The study aimed to analyze personnel training for forestry, offered by the education system of the North-West and the Arctic zone of Russia, in order to bring the qualities of the graduates of higher and secondary vocational education in line with the needs of the forestry industry in this macro-region. Materials and Methods. The research materials were statistical data from 4 forms of state federal reporting for 2021-2022: on admissions and graduations from the higher education system; graduation from the secondary vocational education system; number of employees of organizations by type of economic activity; demand of organizations by type of economic activity. The methods of descriptive statistics, mathematical modeling and comparative data analysis were used. Research Results. The study determined a list of 20 areas and disciplines of higher and secondary vocational education organizations training qualified personnel for the forestry complex, and formed a group of 19 types of economic activities related to the five main areas of forestry complex work. The scope of annual additional personnel demand of enterprises and organizations of the forestry complex of the Arctic and North-West Russia was calculated with the help of macroeconomic methodology for assessing the economy's demand for qualified personnel. The annual demand for personnel with higher education was 3.54%, for mid-level specialists it reached 4.49%, and for skilled workers and employees – 5.41% of the total number of employees with the appropriate level of education working in the forestry industry. The comparative analysis identified entities where personnel demands could be met by graduates from their region and entities needing additional sources, including graduates from other regions. Discussion and Conclusion. Pronounced lack of own personnel with higher education for enterprises and organizations of the forestry complex was identified in Leningrad Oblast, Chukotka, Nenets and YamaloNenets Autonomous Okrugs. Mid-level specialists currently graduate in sufficient numbers, with the exception of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. In the next two to three years, a significant shortage of qualified workers and employees (more than 90%) is expected in all subjects of the macroregion. A solution to this problem may be targeted training of specialists in other regions, as well as in regions that are well-known educational centers (for example, Tomsk, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk).
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Perspektivy Nauki i Obrazovania
Perspektivy Nauki i Obrazovania Arts and Humanities-Philosophy
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