胶质母细胞瘤的外科治疗进展:当前趋势和未来发展方向

Dipak Chaulagain, V. Smolanka, A. Smolanka, T. Havryliv
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引用次数: 0

摘要

胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是成人最常见的恶性脑肿瘤。尽管有大量的研究和手术进展,但预后仍然很差,需要对当前趋势和潜在的手术治疗进行持续研究。本文总结了GBM手术的发展和未来发展方向。GBM的治疗采用最大安全切除、辅助放疗和化疗。肿瘤渗透到大脑的重要区域常常使手术切除复杂化。脑功能测绘和术中成像增加了安全切除。清醒开颅术和术中荧光引导手术可能有助于切除更多的肿瘤。GBM手术现在结合了分子和基因数据。分子谱分析有助于发现突变和基因变化,以便进行量身定制的治疗。免疫疗法和靶向治疗有可能提高诊断为GBM的患者的治疗效果。精准医学是指根据每位患者的独特特征定制癌症治疗方案,预计将在未来的研究努力中发挥关键作用。纳米技术和药物输送装置为优化抗肿瘤药物的输送提供了机会,有可能提高它们的疗效。人工智能和机器学习在术前规划和术中决策方面应提高手术效果。目前GBM手术的趋势包括使用先进的制图和成像技术最大限度地安全切除,结合分子信息进行个性化治疗,以及研究靶向治疗和免疫治疗。GBM手术的未来在于精准医学、纳米技术和人工智能的融合。通过采用这些创新,GBM的外科治疗可能会有显著的改善,从而导致更好的患者预后和生活质量的提高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Advancements in surgical management of glioblastoma: current trends and promising future directions
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant adult brain tumor. Despite substantial study and surgical advancements, the prognosis remains poor, demanding ongoing research of the current trends and potential surgical therapy. This abstract summarizes GBM surgical developments and future directions. GBM is treated with maximal safe resection, adjuvant radiation, and chemotherapy. Tumor penetration into eloquent brain areas often complicates surgical excision. Functional brain mapping and intraoperative imaging have increase safe resection. Awake craniotomy and intraoperative fluorescence-guided surgery may help remove more tumor. GBM surgery now incorporates molecular and genetic data. Molecular profiling helps discover mutations and genetic changes for tailored treatment. Immunotherapies and targeted therapies have the potential to enhance treatment outcomes for patients diagnosed with GBM. Precision medicine, which involves tailoring cancer treatments to each patient’s unique characteristics, is expected to play a pivotal role in future research endeavors. Nanotechnology and drug delivery devices offer the opportunity to optimize the delivery of anti-tumor drugs, potentially improving their efficacy. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in preoperative planning and intraoperative decision-making should improve surgical results. Current trends in GBM surgery include maximizing safe resection using advanced mapping and imaging techniques, incorporating molecular information for personalized treatment, and investigating targeted therapies and immunotherapies. The future of GBM surgery lies in the integration of precision medicine, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence. By adopting these innovations, the surgical management of GBM may experience significant improvements, leading to better patient outcomes and an increase in life quality.
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