种族和民族认知健康差异:职业复杂性和职业地位的作用

IF 2.7 2区 经济学 Q2 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR
Mara Getz Sheftel, Noreen Goldman, Anne R Pebley, Boriana Pratt, Sung S Park
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引用次数: 0

摘要

即使在控制了儿童和成人社会经济地位的个人水平指标后,种族/民族在老年人认知健康方面的差异仍然存在。劳动力市场的高度隔离意味着,平均而言,黑人和拉丁裔工人可能不会像白人工人那样接触到涉及数据和人的复杂工作,而这些工作似乎对老年人的认知有保护作用。然而,种族/民族暴露于职业复杂性的差异在解释老年人认知差异方面的作用仍未得到充分研究。本文利用健康与退休研究(HRS)职业和行业生活史数据构建的详细工作经历来了解职业复杂性在老年痴呆发展中的作用。它还解决了一个猜想,即复杂性反映了职业地位。研究结果强调:(a)涉及工作年龄期间数据的复杂工作的职业可能对老年痴呆症有保护作用,这可能导致黑人、拉丁裔和白人工人痴呆症患病率的差异;(b)职业复杂性反映了职业地位。这项研究增加了对劳动力市场隔离对种族/民族认知健康差异影响的理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cognitive Health Disparities by Race and Ethnicity: The Role of Occupational Complexity and Occupational Status
Abstract Disparities in older age cognitive health by race/ethnicity persist even after controlling for individual-level indicators of childhood and adult socioeconomic status. High levels of labor market segregation mean that Black and Latino workers, on average, may not have the same exposure to jobs involving complex work with data and people as their White counterparts, aspects of work that appear to be protective of older adult cognition. However, the role of variation in exposure to occupational complexity by race/ethnicity remains understudied as an explanation for cognitive disparities at older ages. This paper uses detailed work histories constructed from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Occupation and Industry life history data to understand the role of occupational complexity in the development of dementia at older ages. It also addresses a conjecture that complexity reflects occupational status. Findings highlight that: (a) occupations involving complex work with data during working ages may be protective against dementia at older ages, potentially contributing to the differentials in dementia prevalence for Black, Latino, and White workers, and (b) occupational complexity reflects occupational status. This research increases understanding of the implications of labor market segregation for cognitive health disparities by race/ethnicity.
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CiteScore
7.20
自引率
21.60%
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