战后乌克兰钛工业发展的先决条件与前景

Nataliia Gakhovych, Віталій Венгер, Оксана Кушніренко
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍。面对前所未有的战争挑战,乌克兰除了需要盟国的外部援助外,还需要更多的内部资源来实现工业基础恢复的机会,为人民提供安全保障,并在未来进一步发展。这是实现国内工业发展机会的关键因素,特别是在乌克兰拥有充足资源、生产、科学和人力潜力的那些地区。其中一个领域是建立一个完整的钛产品生产周期,作为对国家安全至关重要的矿物。由于其独特的性能,耐腐蚀性,生物相容性)钛被称为未来的材料,这使得生产这种产品的国家成为全球经济关系的重要参与者。材料和方法。采用系统法的方法;抽象逻辑;经济和统计方法;计算与施工;统计比较图形分析。结果和讨论。乌克兰拥有独特的钛储量,多年来一直向世界市场供应钛矿。然而,目前,乌克兰优质钛材料的应用水平受到诸多因素的限制,包括出口导向明显(乌克兰生产的80%以上的钛矿石和精矿用于出口,没有加工成具有更高附加值的产品)、行业生产潜力现代化的必要性、加工成本高、产品结构不平衡等。此外,还有一个科学研究和实验设计基地,在乌克兰建立了材料科学、冶金和钛工程领域的科学学校。它们支持科学密集型技术和工业在高科学和实用水平上进一步竞争性发展。乌克兰科学院专门研究机构的科学活动、许多有用模型的专利、基础和应用科学研究项目以及科学和技术(实验)发展的结果证实了这一点。钛工业的进一步发展取决于人员的提供,而目前这一问题因军事行动而变得复杂。结论。根据钛资源的特点和钛产业发展的现状,乌克兰钛生产的全产业链应该进行升级。此外,需要补充钛材料的消费结构,扩大其实施范围。乌克兰发展钛工业的先决条件(资源基础、科研生产潜力、人才培养体系),使乌克兰有可能发展成将钛矿和精矿加工成海绵钛、锭钛和产品的完整周期的生产设施,并成为全球金属钛产品市场上的强大参与者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PREREQUISITES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE UKRAINIAN TITANIUM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT IN THE POSTWAR PERIOD
Introduction. Faced with unprecedented war challenge, Ukraine in addition to external assistance from allied countries need more internal resources to realize the opportunities for the industrial base recovery towards the providing security for the population and further develop in the future. This has been a pivotal factor to realize internal opportunities for industrial development, in particular, in those areas where Ukraine has sufficient resource, production, scientific and human potentials. One of these areas is the creation of a full cycle of production of titanium products as a critically important mineral for national security. Due to its unique properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility) titanium called the material of the future, which makes the country that produces such products a significant participant in global economic relations. Materials and methods. The methods of the system approach were used; abstract-logical; economic and statistical methods; calculation and construction; statistical comparisons graphoanalytics. Results and discussion. Ukraine has unique titanium reserves and has been supplying titanium ore to the world market for many years. However, at the moment, the level of application of high-quality titanium materials in Ukraine is limited by many factors, including significant export orientation (more than 80% titanium ores and concentrates produced in Ukraine are exported, and not processed into products with a higher added value), the necessity for modernization the industry's production potential, high processing costs and structural imbalance of products. Also, there is a scientific-research and experimental-design base, established scientific schools in Ukraine in the field of materials science, metallurgy and titanium engineering. They support the further competitive development of science-intensive technologies and industries at a high scientific and practical level. This is confirmed by the results of the scientific activities of specialized research institutions of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, numerous patents for useful models, projects of fundamental and applied scientific research and scientific and technical (experimental) developments. Further development of the titanium industry depends on the provision of personnel, which is currently complicated by military operations. Conclusions. Based on the characteristics of titanium resources and the current situation in the development of the titanium industry, the entire industrial chain of titanium production in Ukraine should be upgraded. In addition, it is necessary to supplement the consumption structure of titanium materials to expand their implementation. Prerequisites for the development of the titanium industry in Ukraine (resource base, scientific-research and production potential, personnel training system) make it possible to develop into production facilities a full cycle of processing titanium ores and concentrates into titanium sponge, ingots and products, and to become Ukraine a powerful player on the global market of metal titanium products.
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