Dynamics of left and right atrial strain after radiofrequency ablation in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation

Aim. To assess the dynamics of left (LA) and right atrium (RA) strain after antral pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Methods. The study included 57 subjects (31 men and 26 women) aged of 55.4±9.8 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (n=40; 70%) and group 2 with persistent atrial fibrillation (n=17; 30%). All patients were treated (were undergone) with antral isolation of the pulmonary veins. Speckle-tracking echocardiography at sinus rhythm was performed before interventional treatment, after 3 days, 3 months and one year. The reservoir, conduit and contractile LA function and peak longitudinal RA strain were analyzed. Results. In both groups, reservoir (p<0.001), conductive (p<0.001) and contractile LA functions (p<0.001 and p=0.001) decreased significantly in the early postoperative period. LA mechanics recovered after 3 months in all patients and were comparable to the level before and one year after radiofrequency ablation. RA strain was significantly increased in the early postoperative period. RA strain was significantly higher at one year follow-up period compared with baseline. Conclusion. Catheter ablation has a damaging effect on the LA - inhibition of reservoir, conductive and contractile functions in the early postoperative period, while the RA strain is intensified. LA strain is recovered in 3 months after radiofrequency ablation and remains comparable with the baseline level at one year follow-up. Reservoir and conduction function of LA and longitudinal deformation of RA are better in the patients with a stable sinus rhythm for a year after ablation compared with patiens who had a tachyarrhythmia recurrence.