Implementation of a knowledge translation and exchange intervention for pain management in neonates

Objective To describe the implementation process of a multifaceted knowledge translation and exchange intervention to improve pain management practices, and to evaluate the adoption of this intervention by health professionals during painful procedures in neonates. Methods A quasi-experimental before-and-after study developed in a neonatal unit. The Evidence-Based Practice for Improving Quality intervention guided by the conceptual framework The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services was implemented in two stages (preparation and implementation). Its adoption was measured by clinical indicators related to pain management presented through descriptive statistics. Results After discussion on existing practices in the unit that needed to be changed, synthesis of current scientific evidence and local context data, members of the unit’s Research and Practice Council developed and implemented coherent and achievable goals for the change of practice in pain management, selected knowledge translation and exchange strategies, determined the target audience and indicators, and implemented the interventions. There was a 32.8% reduction in the number of painful procedures performed, an increase of 26.6-50.7% in the use of pain assessment scales and of 25.1% in the administration of oral glucose. Conclusion The multifaceted Evidence-Based Practice for Improving Quality intervention is complex, and has processes that demand knowledge and skills, commitment from the various actors involved, availability of time and financial investment. The analyzed indicators showed that the intervention resulted in positive changes in clinical practice in the management of pain in neonates.