机构效率是战后乌克兰领土和经济制度创新发展的必要条件

H.V. KARPINSKA, I.A. TSYNALIEVSKA
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Such a policy is a prerequisite for creating a better investment environment and increasing the efficiency of resource allocation for the innovative development of territorial and economic systems in the context of post-war recovery of Ukraine.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to examine the theoretical-methodological and legal basis of the entrepreneurial environment in the aspect of institutional support for the development of innovative activity within territorial&economic systems. The tusk of the study is to propose measures for its improvement in the post-war period in order to recover the Ukraine’s economy on innovative bases.Materials and Methods. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

时事性。尽管乌克兰在计划、立法和部门规范性文件中宣布了许多促进科技和创新发展的措施,但这些措施的实际执行效果仍然很低,优先关注创新发展道路并未成为其中的一个组成部分。正式机构应该提供更好的法律、经济和政治制度条件,例如建立严格和公平的法律来保护利益相关者,减少投资限制,增加商业、金融和资本控制的自由,以及解决腐败、官僚主义和独裁。这种政策是在乌克兰战后恢复的背景下为领土和经济制度的创新发展创造更好的投资环境和提高资源分配效率的先决条件。目标和任务。这篇文章的目的是研究创业环境的理论、方法和法律基础,即在地域经济体系内为创新活动的发展提供制度支持。该研究的任务是提出在战后时期的改进措施,以便在创新的基础上恢复乌克兰的经济。材料与方法。本研究从宏观经济角度对制度效率对投资、经济增长率和全要素生产率的影响进行了比较、语义分析和理论概括,并结合当代科学观点和实证观察。背景分析结果被用于识别领土社区和商业实体发展的现有体制框架的现有组织和法律基础中的矛盾,这些矛盾体现在领土经济体系的创新活动方面,以及乌克兰战后复苏背景下的整体经济。研究的结果。所进行的研究得出了一系列结果,包括:(1)通过界定“属地经济体系”的范畴,完善了区域管理理论的分类机构;(2)确定了规范国家创业部门创新活动发展和属地社区发展的主要正式机构和机构;(3)在研究中对现有机构支持进行的背景分析,可以得出以下结论:这个国家已经形成了一个复杂的制度环境,这是由管理创新活动的各种制度和法规形成的。乌克兰对创新发展的制度支持存在明显不足,主要表现为矛盾、创新过程的主体和客体识别不足、资源配置不足。这一问题严重阻碍了地域经济体系的创新发展,并在某种程度上使其无法实现。国家创新体系的战略和管理仍然支离破碎,效率相对低下,缺乏协调。在不同的政府机构之间,没有明确的角色和责任划分,包括财政部门。由于国家预算中缺乏相应的拨款,超过一半的创新项目没有得到资助。与以往方案文件中确定的财政承诺相比,《年度预算法》得到了优先考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
INSTITUTIONAL EFFICIENCY AS AN IMPERATIVE OF THE POST-WAR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE
Topicality. Despite numerous measures to stimulate scientific, technical and innovative development, declared by programs, legislative and departmental normative documents of Ukraine, the actual effectiveness of their implementation remains low, and priority focus on the innovative path of development did not become an integral part of it. Formal institutions should provide better legal, economic, and political institutional conditions, such as establishing strict and fair laws to protect stakeholders, reducing investment restrictions and increasing freedom for business, finance, and capital controls, as well as addressing corruption, bureaucracy, and autocracy. Such a policy is a prerequisite for creating a better investment environment and increasing the efficiency of resource allocation for the innovative development of territorial and economic systems in the context of post-war recovery of Ukraine.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to examine the theoretical-methodological and legal basis of the entrepreneurial environment in the aspect of institutional support for the development of innovative activity within territorial&economic systems. The tusk of the study is to propose measures for its improvement in the post-war period in order to recover the Ukraine’s economy on innovative bases.Materials and Methods. The research is based on results of comparative, semantic analysis and theoretical generalization of the previous studies, contemporary scientific views and empirical observations regarding the impact of institutional efficiency on investment, economic growth rates and total factor productivity (TFP) from a macroeconomic perspective. The contextual analysis results were applied to was applied to identify contradictions in the existing organizational and legal basis of the existing institutional framework for the development of territorial communities and business entities in the aspect of their innovative activity of territorial&economic systems and the overall economy of Ukraine in the post-war recovery context.Research results. The conducted research have led to a set of results, including: (1) improvement of categorical apparatus of the theory of regional management by defining the category of the "territorial&economic system", (2) determination of the main formal institutions and institutions that regulate the development of innovative activities in an entrepreneurial sector of the country and the development of territorial communities, (3) the contextual analysis of the existing institutional support conducted within the study allows for drawing conclusions that , overall, the country has developed a complex institutional environment, which is shaped by the existence of various institutions and regulations governing innovative activities.Conclusion. The Institutional support for innovative development in Ukraine has significant deficiencies, manifested in contradictions, insufficient identification of subjects and objects of the innovation process, and inadequate resource allocation. The problem significantly inhibits the innovative development of territorial economic systems, and at some point makes it impossible. Strategies and management of the national innovation system remain fragmented, relatively ineffective and insufficiently coordinated. There is no clear division of roles and responsibilities, including financial ones, among different government bodies. More than half of the adopted innovative programs did not receive funding due to the lack of corresponding allocations in the state budget. Priority is given to the Annual Budget Law compared to the previous financial commitments defined in program documents.
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