Birzhan Biyashev, Antonina Drobitko, Nataliia Markova, Alla Bondar, Oleg Pismenniy
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Chemical analysis of the state of Ukrainian soils in the combat zone
ABSTRACTEven in peacetime, bad farming practices have degraded the soil but war has exacerbated the situation. To support comprehensive land rehabilitation, publicly available data are scrutinised to establish the composition of soils under shelling, bombing, missile strikes and pollution by fuels and lubricants. These data show that the content of various toxic substances exceeds permissible limits several-fold, and soil acidity is increased. Heavy contamination with fuels and lubricants changes the soil’s chemical and physical properties, killing all but the most resilient flora and fauna.KEYWORDS: Soil degradationtoxic substancesheavy metalsreclamation Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
期刊介绍:
For more than 45 years, the International Journal of Environmental Studies has been pre-eminent in its field. The environment is understood to comprise the natural and the man-made, and their interactions; including such matters as pollution, health effects, analytical methods, political approaches, social impacts etc. Papers favouring an interdisciplinary approach are preferred, because the evidence of more than 45 years appears to be that many intellectual tools and many causes and effects are at issue in any environmental problem - and its solution. This does not mean that a single focus or a narrow view is unwelcome; provided always that the evidence is indicated and the method is robust. Pragmatic decision-making and applicable policies are subjects of interest, together with the problems in establishing facts about dynamic systems where long periods of observation and precise measurement may be difficult to secure. In other words, a systems or holistic approach to the environment and a scientific analysis are complementary, and the distinction between ’hard’ and ’soft’ science is bridged in most of the papers published. These may be on any item in the agenda of environmental science: land, water, food, conservation, population, risk analysis, energy, economics of ecological and non-ecological approaches, social advocacy of arguments for change, legal measures, implications of urbanism, energy choices, waste disposal, recycling, transport systems and other issues of mass society. There is concern also for marginal areas, under-developed societies, minorities, species loss; and indeed no element of the subject of environmental studies, seen in an international and interactive mode, is excluded.