RS/AS and Nugget Zone SEM Analysis and Mathematical Equations for Parameter Optimization on Friction Stir Welding Tool

In order to find the ideal process parameters, the friction stir welding (FSW) is assessed with a mathematical optimisation technique in this paper. In terms of optimisation, the objectives are process-related in that they define or represent how the process behaves. Since the FSW is solid-state and does not involve melting, many of the problems of conventional fusing welding techniques may be avoided. In FSW process, two work pieces are submerged in a spinning tool. As a result of friction and plastic dissipation, the temperature rises to the point where the material is sufficiently softened to be mixed together, forming a weld. Involving solid material, heat transmission, thermal softening, recrystallization and the production of residual stresses, the process is multi-physics in nature.