Study on reasonable loading mode of small-scale roadway model and its application in mining engineering

The small-scale roadway model is often used in the fine simulation of mining engineering. The determination of the structure and load conditions of the model has an important influence on the accuracy of the simulation. In this paper, a large-scale stratum model and a small-scale roadway model are established by using finite element method. The optimal loading mode of the roadway model and its applicability under different roof-sidewall stiffness ratios are studied. The simulation accuracy of the roadway model is quantitatively evaluated by comparing the distribution laws of stress field and strain field with those of the stratum models. Under the same roof-sidewall stiffness ratio, the similarity between the simulation results of the roadway model and the stratum model under displacement load is much higher than that under stress load. Under the same load mode, the stress and strain similarity between the stratum model and roadway model increases with the increase of the roof-sidewall stiffness ratio. Furtherly, the simulation application of the roadway drilling pressure relief is carried out. Compared with the large-scale stratum model with small-size elements, the small-scale roadway model under displacement load also shows obvious stress transfer after drilling pressure relief, while it has faster computational efficiency. Finally, a small-scale roadway model simulation method suitable for surrounding rock disaster occurrence mechanism and control is proposed.