Title IX is the Master’s Tool: (Re)conceptualizing Gender and Race Equity in U.S. Education

Abstract: In this conceptual article, we theorize Title IX as colorblind policy that functions as the master’s tool. Specifically, we contend that due to Title IX’s colorblind approach and its roots in white feminism, its ability to eliminate sex discrimination in education is ineffective. We begin our argument by discussing the origins of Title IX and its race-based limitations. We then offer a brief history of the relationship between whiteness, education, and Black learners, and conclude with a critique of the usefulness of policies like Title IX and question their ability to create meaningful change.