达吉斯坦共和国灌区冬面包小麦品种在使用生物制品时的产量和籽粒品质

T. R. Valiev, S. A. Kurbanov, D. S. Magomedova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在达吉斯坦共和国Terek-Sulak低地条件下,研究了生物制品对以P.P. Lukyanenko命名的国家粮食中心和北高加索联邦科学农业中心于2019-2022年开发的冬小麦品种的生产力和粮食品质的影响。对文献的分析表明,新品种和生物刺激素的使用是提高粮食作物生产力的重要因素,可以确保其低成本使用的盈利能力。试验采用Dospekhov田间试验方法,在5个冬小麦品种上施用不同的有机复合物“Biostim zernovoy”。试验期间的天气条件总体上是有利的。植物的春夏发育在热量供应上略有差异,HTC在0.37 ~ 0.58之间波动。本研究的目的是确定冬面包小麦植株的适应潜力,并建立最优的生物制品利用方案,以提高品种的潜在生产力。经过三年的研究,人们发现作物的产量不仅取决于品种,而且还取决于使用生物刺激素的方法及其组合。卡罗莱纳5号的产量最高(6.44吨/公顷),比对照高出0.87吨/公顷。播前腐植酸钾“Sufler”浸种和生物刺激素“Biostim zernovoy”处理的小麦作物产量平均增加0.63 t/公顷,其中卡罗莱纳(carolina)产量最大,为0.71 t/公顷。环境适应性参数的计算表明,品种“卡罗琳娜5号”和“阿列克谢奇”最适合特定的土壤和气候条件以及所使用的技术水平,在这方面,可以用于共和国灌区冬小麦分区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Productivity and grain quality of winter bread wheat varieties in the irrigated zone of the Republic of Dagestan when using biological products
In the conditions of the Terek-Sulak lowland of the Republic of Dagestan, we studied the effect of biological products on productivity and grain quality of winter bread wheat varieties developed by the National Grain Center namedafter P.P. Lukyanenko and the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Agrarian Center in 2019–2022. An analytical review of the references indicates that the use of new varieties and biostimulants are important factors in improving productivity of grain crops, which ensure the profitability of their use at low costs. The trials were carried out on 5 winter bread wheat varieties with different application schemes of the organomineral complex ‘Biostim zernovoy’ in accordance with the B. A. Dospekhov’s field trial methodology. Weather conditions during the years of the trial were generally favorable. The spring-summer development of plants took place with slight differences in heat supply, with HTC fluctuations from 0.37 to 0.58. The purpose of the current study is to identify the adaptive potential of winter bread wheat plants and to establish the most optimal scheme for the use of biological products to increase the potential productivity of varieties. As a result of three years of study, there has been found that the productivity of crops depends not only on the variety, but also on the methods of using the biostimulant and their combinations. The maximum productivity has been provided by the variety ‘Karolina 5’ (6.44 t/ha), which was 0.87 t/ha larger than the control. The combination of pre-sowing seed soaking with potassium humate ‘Sufler’ and treatment of wheat crops with the biostimulant ‘Biostim zernovoy’ provided productivity increase on average for all varieties of 0.63 t/ha, and the largest for the variety ‘Karolina with 0.71 t/ha. Calculations of environmental adaptability parameters showed that the varieties ‘Karolina 5’ and ‘Alekseich’ are the most adapted ones to specific soil and climatic conditions and the level of technology used and, in this regard, can be used for zonation of winter wheat in the irrigated zone of the Republic.
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