Literature Review: Recent Advances in Computer Vision and Language AI

This comprehensive literature review examines the latest breakthroughs in computer vision and natural language processing (NLP), two rapidly evolving fields with applications across search, human-computer interaction, robotics, and more. It synthesizes key findings, trends, limitations, and open challenges from cutting-edge research at their intersection. The dramatic progress driven by deep neural networks is analysed in depth, along with issues like generalization, context handling, reasoning, uncertainty, and human-centric evaluation. Although remarkable advances have been made, especially in computer vision, core problems remain to be addressed. This review provides a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art, reflecting the most recent innovations, and promising future directions in this dynamic research domain.