关于在sharafnama不提及米兰/milli部落的评价

Ercan GÜMÜŞ
{"title":"关于在sharafnama不提及米兰/milli部落的评价","authors":"Ercan GÜMÜŞ","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.3.1339","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The fact that the Milan Tribe was not dealt with in the Sharafnama is a matter that draws the attention of many researchers who are somehow interested in the history of the tribe and the region. The absence of Milan Tribe in an ambitious work on the Kurdish dynasty and tribes in the 16th century deserves to be questioned.
 After the Ottoman Empire established its dominance in Mardin and its surroundings in the 16th century, it is known that the Milan Tribe, whose names are frequently encountered in the censuses (tax registers, tahrir), was strong in and around Mardin. It is known that especially in a date as early as 1579, the members of the Milan rulers saved timar and ziamet in and around Mardin. It is a question that needs to be answered that this tribe and its rulers are not mentioned in the Sharafnama, which was completed shortly after this date.
 This question, whose answer is sought, requires evaluating some possibilities. The first is a claim that has been dealt with before, and according to this, the Milan confederation was not yet a political focus in this period, and some of the Milanese members were ruling around Chabakchur under the name \"Sivedi\". Sharaf Khan dealt with this household and tribe in his work. If this claim is taken as a basis, the Milan Tribe was not yet known with the name \"Mil\" at that time. The following conclusion is reached from the claim; The Sivedis, who came from the Siverek environs and established dominance in Chabakchur, formed the core of Milan.
 A second possibility is that a few titles that Sharaf Khan left incomplete in his work can be devoted to this subject. As it is known, there are incomplete chapters in Sharafnama. Would Milan tribes be included in the missing titles?
 One of the weakest possibilities is that Sharaf Khan does not have enough information about the desert region called \"Barriya\". As a matter of fact, as it will be remembered, he spent most of his life with the Safavids in the center of Iran and returned to Bitlis, which was his ancestral land in the end of his life. However, it is known that during this period, the Milan Tribe used the highlands on the Van-Erzurum and Azerbaijan sides as a plateau. It is unlikely that the Rojkan historiography tradition, which includes Sharaf Khan and historians such as Shukri-yi Bitlisi and İdris-i Bitlisi, does not recognize the Milan Tribe. As a matter of fact, in some periods, the Rojkan and Milan confederations were called for help by their vassals, the Ottoman Empire, and they took part in the campaigns with close statuses. The Basra Campaign in the south at the beginning of the 18th century and the Persian Campaign in the east towards the middle of the same century are examples of this.
 Finally, the fact that the Milan Tribe is not mentioned in the Sharafnama should be sought in the rapid political transformation in the nature of the tribal structure. The Kurdish tribal structure, unlike its Arab neighbors, was shaped by political and geographical factors rather than blood ties. For this reason, the tribal administration and name, which was a super structure in some periods of history, could continue to exist within another political power with a lower status after a short time. It should be remembered that the Omarans, one of the tribes of Milan, formed a great confederation that would later become known by their own name. Another example of Milan's sub-tribe tribes evolving into a larger political situation where they roamed as a new confederative structure is the Hasanans. Yezidi tribes such as Musyan and Sharafan, who were considered as Milan tribes while living nomads, are other examples of this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":52594,"journal":{"name":"goevr znstYn mroevyaety y znkoey zkhoe","volume":"31 19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An evaluation about not mentioning milan/milli tribe in sharafnama\",\"authors\":\"Ercan GÜMÜŞ\",\"doi\":\"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.3.1339\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The fact that the Milan Tribe was not dealt with in the Sharafnama is a matter that draws the attention of many researchers who are somehow interested in the history of the tribe and the region. The absence of Milan Tribe in an ambitious work on the Kurdish dynasty and tribes in the 16th century deserves to be questioned.
 After the Ottoman Empire established its dominance in Mardin and its surroundings in the 16th century, it is known that the Milan Tribe, whose names are frequently encountered in the censuses (tax registers, tahrir), was strong in and around Mardin. It is known that especially in a date as early as 1579, the members of the Milan rulers saved timar and ziamet in and around Mardin. It is a question that needs to be answered that this tribe and its rulers are not mentioned in the Sharafnama, which was completed shortly after this date.
 This question, whose answer is sought, requires evaluating some possibilities. The first is a claim that has been dealt with before, and according to this, the Milan confederation was not yet a political focus in this period, and some of the Milanese members were ruling around Chabakchur under the name \\\"Sivedi\\\". Sharaf Khan dealt with this household and tribe in his work. If this claim is taken as a basis, the Milan Tribe was not yet known with the name \\\"Mil\\\" at that time. The following conclusion is reached from the claim; The Sivedis, who came from the Siverek environs and established dominance in Chabakchur, formed the core of Milan.
 A second possibility is that a few titles that Sharaf Khan left incomplete in his work can be devoted to this subject. As it is known, there are incomplete chapters in Sharafnama. Would Milan tribes be included in the missing titles?
 One of the weakest possibilities is that Sharaf Khan does not have enough information about the desert region called \\\"Barriya\\\". As a matter of fact, as it will be remembered, he spent most of his life with the Safavids in the center of Iran and returned to Bitlis, which was his ancestral land in the end of his life. However, it is known that during this period, the Milan Tribe used the highlands on the Van-Erzurum and Azerbaijan sides as a plateau. It is unlikely that the Rojkan historiography tradition, which includes Sharaf Khan and historians such as Shukri-yi Bitlisi and İdris-i Bitlisi, does not recognize the Milan Tribe. As a matter of fact, in some periods, the Rojkan and Milan confederations were called for help by their vassals, the Ottoman Empire, and they took part in the campaigns with close statuses. The Basra Campaign in the south at the beginning of the 18th century and the Persian Campaign in the east towards the middle of the same century are examples of this.
 Finally, the fact that the Milan Tribe is not mentioned in the Sharafnama should be sought in the rapid political transformation in the nature of the tribal structure. The Kurdish tribal structure, unlike its Arab neighbors, was shaped by political and geographical factors rather than blood ties. For this reason, the tribal administration and name, which was a super structure in some periods of history, could continue to exist within another political power with a lower status after a short time. It should be remembered that the Omarans, one of the tribes of Milan, formed a great confederation that would later become known by their own name. Another example of Milan's sub-tribe tribes evolving into a larger political situation where they roamed as a new confederative structure is the Hasanans. Yezidi tribes such as Musyan and Sharafan, who were considered as Milan tribes while living nomads, are other examples of this phenomenon.\",\"PeriodicalId\":52594,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"goevr znstYn mroevyaety y znkoey zkhoe\",\"volume\":\"31 19 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"goevr znstYn mroevyaety y znkoey zkhoe\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.3.1339\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"goevr znstYn mroevyaety y znkoey zkhoe","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.3.1339","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

《Sharafnama》没有涉及米兰部落,这一事实引起了许多对该部落和该地区历史感兴趣的研究人员的注意。在一部雄心勃勃的关于16世纪库尔德王朝和部落的著作中,米兰部落的缺席值得质疑。16世纪奥斯曼帝国在马尔丁及其周边地区建立统治地位后,米兰部落在马尔丁及其周边地区势力强大,他们的名字在人口普查中经常出现(税务登记簿,tahrir)。众所周知,早在1579年,米兰统治者的成员就在马尔丁及其周边地区拯救了提玛尔和齐亚梅特。这是一个需要回答的问题,即在此日期之后不久完成的Sharafnama中没有提到这个部落及其统治者。这个问题的答案需要评估一些可能性。第一个是之前已经处理过的说法,根据这个说法,米兰联盟在这一时期还不是一个政治焦点,一些米兰成员以“西维迪”的名义统治着查巴克库尔。沙拉夫汗在他的工作中处理这个家庭和部落。如果以这一说法为依据,米兰部落在当时还不以“米尔”这个名字为人所知。从该主张可以得出以下结论:来自西韦雷克(Siverek)周边地区并在查巴库尔(Chabakchur)建立统治地位的西韦迪家族构成了米兰的核心。 第二种可能性是,Sharaf Khan在他的作品中留下的一些不完整的标题可以专门讨论这个主题。众所周知,《沙夫纳玛》中有不完整的章节。米兰部落会被包括在缺失的标题中吗? 一个最弱的可能性是Sharaf Khan没有足够的关于沙漠地区“巴里亚”的信息。事实上,我们会记得,他一生中大部分时间都是在伊朗中部的萨法维王朝度过的,在他生命的最后时刻,他回到了比特利斯,这是他祖先的土地。然而,众所周知,在这一时期,米兰部落利用Van-Erzurum和阿塞拜疆一侧的高地作为高原。包括Sharaf Khan和Shukri-yi Bitlisi和İdris-i Bitlisi等历史学家在内的Rojkan史学传统不承认米兰部落是不可能的。事实上,在某些时期,罗坎和米兰联盟曾受到其附庸奥斯曼帝国的帮助,并以密切的身份参加了战役。18世纪初南部的巴士拉战役和同一世纪中期东部的波斯战役都是这方面的例子。最后,《Sharafnama》中没有提到米兰部落,这一事实应该在部落结构性质的迅速政治转变中寻找。与阿拉伯邻国不同,库尔德人的部落结构是由政治和地理因素而不是血缘关系决定的。因此,部落行政和部落名称作为历史上某些时期的上层建筑,可以在短时间内继续存在于地位较低的另一个政治权力中。应该记住,米兰的一个部落奥马兰人组成了一个伟大的联盟,后来以他们自己的名字而闻名。米兰的亚部落部落演变成更大的政治局势的另一个例子是Hasanans,他们作为一个新的联盟结构漫游。在生活游牧时期被认为是米兰部落的Musyan和Sharafan等雅兹迪部落也是这种现象的例子。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An evaluation about not mentioning milan/milli tribe in sharafnama
The fact that the Milan Tribe was not dealt with in the Sharafnama is a matter that draws the attention of many researchers who are somehow interested in the history of the tribe and the region. The absence of Milan Tribe in an ambitious work on the Kurdish dynasty and tribes in the 16th century deserves to be questioned. After the Ottoman Empire established its dominance in Mardin and its surroundings in the 16th century, it is known that the Milan Tribe, whose names are frequently encountered in the censuses (tax registers, tahrir), was strong in and around Mardin. It is known that especially in a date as early as 1579, the members of the Milan rulers saved timar and ziamet in and around Mardin. It is a question that needs to be answered that this tribe and its rulers are not mentioned in the Sharafnama, which was completed shortly after this date. This question, whose answer is sought, requires evaluating some possibilities. The first is a claim that has been dealt with before, and according to this, the Milan confederation was not yet a political focus in this period, and some of the Milanese members were ruling around Chabakchur under the name "Sivedi". Sharaf Khan dealt with this household and tribe in his work. If this claim is taken as a basis, the Milan Tribe was not yet known with the name "Mil" at that time. The following conclusion is reached from the claim; The Sivedis, who came from the Siverek environs and established dominance in Chabakchur, formed the core of Milan. A second possibility is that a few titles that Sharaf Khan left incomplete in his work can be devoted to this subject. As it is known, there are incomplete chapters in Sharafnama. Would Milan tribes be included in the missing titles? One of the weakest possibilities is that Sharaf Khan does not have enough information about the desert region called "Barriya". As a matter of fact, as it will be remembered, he spent most of his life with the Safavids in the center of Iran and returned to Bitlis, which was his ancestral land in the end of his life. However, it is known that during this period, the Milan Tribe used the highlands on the Van-Erzurum and Azerbaijan sides as a plateau. It is unlikely that the Rojkan historiography tradition, which includes Sharaf Khan and historians such as Shukri-yi Bitlisi and İdris-i Bitlisi, does not recognize the Milan Tribe. As a matter of fact, in some periods, the Rojkan and Milan confederations were called for help by their vassals, the Ottoman Empire, and they took part in the campaigns with close statuses. The Basra Campaign in the south at the beginning of the 18th century and the Persian Campaign in the east towards the middle of the same century are examples of this. Finally, the fact that the Milan Tribe is not mentioned in the Sharafnama should be sought in the rapid political transformation in the nature of the tribal structure. The Kurdish tribal structure, unlike its Arab neighbors, was shaped by political and geographical factors rather than blood ties. For this reason, the tribal administration and name, which was a super structure in some periods of history, could continue to exist within another political power with a lower status after a short time. It should be remembered that the Omarans, one of the tribes of Milan, formed a great confederation that would later become known by their own name. Another example of Milan's sub-tribe tribes evolving into a larger political situation where they roamed as a new confederative structure is the Hasanans. Yezidi tribes such as Musyan and Sharafan, who were considered as Milan tribes while living nomads, are other examples of this phenomenon.
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