在理想量子气体中作用在运动物体上的力

IF 0.8 4区教育学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES

American Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI:10.1119/5.0127334

Wittaya Kanchanapusakit, Pattarapon Tanalikhit

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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们考虑一个重的外部物体在轻粒子的理想气体中运动。与气体粒子的碰撞将动量传递给物体，从而产生与物体速度成正比但方向相反的力。在温度为T的理想经典气体中，作用在物体上的力与T成正比，量子统计导致T依赖关系的偏差，并表明力在低温下与T2成比例。在T = 0时，力在玻色气体中消失，而在费米气体中则有限。

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Force on a moving object in an ideal quantum gas

We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. In an ideal classical gas at temperature T, the force acting on the object is proportional to T. Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the T-dependence and shows that the force scales with T2 at low temperatures. At T = 0, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas.

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来源期刊

American Journal of Physics 物理-物理：综合

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

11.10%

发文量

146

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The mission of the American Journal of Physics (AJP) is to publish articles on the educational and cultural aspects of physics that are useful, interesting, and accessible to a diverse audience of physics students, educators, and researchers. Our audience generally reads outside their specialties to broaden their understanding of physics and to expand and enhance their pedagogical toolkits at the undergraduate and graduate levels.