巴西工人可能的职业致癌暴露的患病率:国家健康调查说了什么?

Fernanda de Albuqueque Melo Nogueira, Giseli Nogueira Damacena, Ubirani Barros Otero, Christiane Soares Pereira Madeira, Helen Paredes de Souza, Celia Landmann Szwarcwald
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:估计巴西工人可能致癌暴露的患病率。方法:横断面研究,数据来自2019年全国健康调查。考虑到复杂的样本设计,我们根据职业和性别计算了六种职业致癌物可能暴露的患病率和各自的95%置信区间(95% ci):太阳辐射、化学物质、矿物粉尘、放射性物质、夜间工作和工作中被动吸烟。结果:共纳入职工44822人,其中男性占56.33%。根据国际癌症研究机构的分类,报告暴露于至少一种来自第1组的致癌物质,男性工人为49.0% (95%CI 47.8;50.2),女性工人为16.9% (95%CI 16.0;17.9)。与女工相比,男性工人暴露于太阳辐射(38.1% [95%CI 37.0;39.3]对6.6% [95%CI 6.0;7.2])、化学剂(19.4% [95%CI 18.5;20.5]对8.3% [95%CI 7.6;9.1])、矿物粉尘(18.9% [95%CI 17.9;20.0]对3.3% [95%CI 2.9;3.8])、夜间工作(15.5% [95%CI 14.7;16.5]对9.4% [95%CI 8.6;10.2])和被动吸烟(14.3% [95%CI 13.3;15.4]对8.2% [95%CI 7.6;9.0])的患病率更高。结论:职业性致癌物暴露率较高,且性别和职业分布不均。应优先采取行动减少、替代和消除这些致癌物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Prevalence of possible occupational carcinogenic exposures in Brazilian workers: what does the National Health Survey say?
Abstract Objective: to estimate the prevalence of possible carcinogenic exposures in Brazilian workers. Methods: cross-sectional study, with data from the 2019 National Health Survey. We calculated the prevalences and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for possible exposure to six occupational carcinogens: solar radiation, chemical substances, mineral dust, radioactive material, night work, and passive smoking at work, according to occupation and sex, considering the complex sample design. Results: 44,822 workers were included, 56.33% were male. Reported exposure to at least one carcinogenic agent from group 1, according to the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, 49.0% (95%CI 47.8;50.2) of male workers and 16.9% (95%CI 16.0;17.9) of female workers. Male workers, compared with female workers, had a higher prevalence of exposure to solar radiation (38.1% [95%CI 37.0;39.3] vs 6.6% [95%CI 6.0;7.2]), chemical agents (19.4% [95%CI 18.5;20.5] vs 8.3% [95%CI 7.6;9.1]), mineral dust (18.9% [95%CI 17.9;20.0] vs 3.3% [95%CI 2.9;3.8]), night work (15.5% [95%CI 14.7;16.5] vs 9.4% [95%CI 8.6;10.2]), and passive smoking (14.3% [95%CI 13.3;15.4] vs 8.2% [95%CI 7.6;9.0]). Conclusion: the prevalence of exposure to possible occupational carcinogens is high and unequally distributed by sex and occupation. Actions to reduce, replace, and eliminate these carcinogens should be prioritized.
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