COVID-19 vaccine and menstruation cycle changes

Background: Over 474 million cases and almost 6 million fatalities caused by COVID-19 have been reported globally. The case fatality rate was 0.5-2.8%, but it was 3.7-14.8% for people aged 80 to 89. Given how dangerous this infection is, prevention is essential. As a result, the number of COVID-19 cases significantly decreased (> 75% protection) when immunisations were introduced. On the other side, it has also been noted that individuals have sought treatment for severe respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and gynaecological symptoms. Method: A group from king saud medical city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia used a semi-structured questionnaire to perform an online cross-sectional survey on females in the reproductive age range (15-49 years) between Dec 2022 and Jul 2023. SPSS Statistics version 24.0 was used to analyse the data, which was then displayed as frequency and percentage. The link was tested using the chi-square method, and a p-value of 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: 46.5% of the individuals in our study were between the ages of 21 and 30, and 87.7% reported menarche between the ages of 11 and 15. 1474 (71%) of the participants reported changes to their menstrual cycle after COVID-19 vaccination. 320 (21.7%) reported changes after the first dosage, 831 (56.4%) after the second dose, and 12 (0.8%) after the booster, according to these statistically significant results (p value 0.002). Conclusion: Females of reproductive age, particularly those who received the new vaccines, reported menstruation irregularities following vaccination. Prospective investigations are required for comparable findings.